Andreakos_Dourmas_Katsigianni,2021. Climate change - The Relationship of Rainfall with the Ecological Footprint and the UHI

The greenhouse effect and the consequent changes in weather conditions lead to extreme climate change. In this study we will present a summary of studies, regarding precipitation and how it affects the precipitation of greenhouse gases in the soil, agricultural production, ecological footprint and urban heat island (UHI). The greenhouse effect and the corresponding changes in weather conditions have led to extreme climate change. The theoretical framework of this paper includes a summary of studies regarding rainfall and how it affects the precipitation of greenhouse gases in the soil, agricultural production, ecological footprint and the urban heat island (UHI). The aim of this paper is to highlight how bio-capacity interacts with population and respectively, ecological footprint with GDP, in the 28 countries of the European Union. In addition, the change of Gini index in each country was examined in order to draw useful conclusions about its influence on the aforementioned factors and in particular on GDP and population by taking into account three decades with a base year of 1997. Specifically, data were collected and analyzed for each decade i.e. taking values for years 1997, 2007 and 2017 before the final conclusions were drawn. The paper attempts to show how Gini index has changed over the years in EU countries, compared to changes in GDP and population of each country.温室效应及其伴随的气象条件变化引发了极端气候变化。本研究将汇总相关研究成果，内容涉及降水及其对土壤中温室气体沉降、农业生产、生态足迹与城市热岛（Urban Heat Island, UHI）的影响。温室效应与相应的气象条件变化同样导致了极端气候变化，本文的理论框架涵盖了关于降水及其对土壤中温室气体沉降、农业生产、生态足迹与城市热岛影响的研究汇总。本文旨在阐明欧盟28个成员国中，生物承载力（Bio-capacity）如何与人口产生交互作用，以及生态足迹与国内生产总值（Gross Domestic Product, GDP）的对应关联。此外，本研究还考察了各国基尼系数（Gini Index）的变化情况，结合以1997年为基准年的三十年跨度数据，探究其对前述各项因素——尤其是GDP与人口——的影响，以期得出具有参考价值的结论。具体而言，研究收集并分析了各十年期的相关数据，即选取1997年、2007年与2017年的数值，最终推导得出研究结论。本文尝试展现欧盟各国的基尼系数随时间的演变趋势，并将其与各国GDP与人口的变化进行对比分析。