Fossil diatom microscopy image datasets and annotations for object detection

This dataset primarily consists of scanned images of permanent slides prepared from surface sediments collected across the Southern Ocean for fossil diatom observation. The sampling sites comprise eighteen locations and encompass a wide range of geomorphological settings and depositional systems, making this dataset well-suited for evaluating the performance of object detection models targeting fossil diatoms, as well as for investigating the biogeography of fossil diatoms in paleoenvironmental reconstruction. The dataset is divided into virtual slides, tile images, annotations, and trained models. The virtual slides are high-resolution images obtained by photographing the permanent slides and are provided in NDPI format (the original format of Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.). Each tile image is a JPEG format extracted from the virtual slides, covering a field of view of 552 × 552 μm. YOLO annotations are provided for each tile image and its corresponding folder. These tile images and annotations are specifically designed for detecting Eucampia antarctica (Castracane) Mangin, a diatom species endemic to the Southern Ocean, and are suitable for use as training and testing data in object detection models. The object detection models (YOLOv5x, Ultralytics) trained on a subset of these data are stored under “Trained models.” Note that this dataset includes only selected regions from the areas where tile images were originally captured, due to the storage limitations of the data repository.

本数据集主要包含从南大洋全域采集的表层沉积物制备的永久玻片扫描图像，用于化石硅藻观测研究。采样点共计18处，涵盖多样的地貌环境与沉积体系，使其非常适用于评估面向化石硅藻的目标检测模型性能，同时亦可用于古环境重建中化石硅藻生物地理学的相关研究。本数据集分为虚拟玻片、切块图像、标注文件与训练好的模型四个部分：虚拟玻片为拍摄永久玻片所得的高分辨率图像，以NDPI格式存储（该格式为滨松光子株式会社（Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.）的原生文件格式）；每张切块图像均从虚拟玻片提取，采用JPEG格式，视场范围为552×552 μm。本数据集为每张切块图像及其对应文件夹提供YOLO (You Only Look Once)标注文件，此类切块图像与标注文件均针对南极真弯藻（Eucampia antarctica (Castracane) Mangin）的检测任务设计，该物种为南大洋特有硅藻，可作为目标检测模型的训练与测试数据使用。基于本数据集部分样本训练得到的目标检测模型（YOLOv5x、Ultralytics）存储于"Trained models"文件夹中。请注意，由于数据存储库的存储空间限制，本数据集仅包含切块图像原始采集区域中的部分选定区域。