Particle fluxes across three surface types for the expedition ARTofMELT@en

During the ARTofMELT Arctic Ocean expedition in spring 2023, turbulent particle fluxes were continuously measured aboard the icebreaker Oden in order to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of particle sources and sinks across three different surface types. Between 10 May and 12 June, turbulent fluxes were measured using a uSonic-3 sonic anemometer and a 20 Hz mixing-type condensation particle counter (MCPC 1720), with the inlet mounted next to the anemometer on the foremast at a height of 20.3 metres. Additional supporting data included particle number size distributions, meteorological data and automated, ship-based camera images for surface type classification. Surface conditions were categorised as closed ice, narrow leads or open water based on hourly images. Two stationary ice camps, located at 79.6° N, 1.3° W and 79.8° N, 2.8° E, as well as measurements collected while drifting or transiting, provided spatial coverage between 78° N and 81° N, and 4° W and 6° E. All data were pre-processed using motion correction, inlet-loss correction, time lag determination, and ship exhaust pollution filtering. Turbulent particle fluxes were then calculated using standard eddy covariance methods with a 20-minute averaging interval. This dataset provides a comprehensive record of turbulent particle fluxes, concentrations of particles, and surface conditions in the central Arctic during the early melt season.2023年春季ARTofMELT北冰洋科考航次中，研究团队在破冰船“奥登号”（Oden）上持续开展湍流粒子通量观测，旨在探究三种不同海表类型下粒子源与汇的时空变化特征。2023年5月10日至6月12日期间，观测采用uSonic-3型超声风速仪（uSonic-3 sonic anemometer）与20 Hz混流式凝结核粒子计数器（MCPC 1720）完成，采样入口安装于前桅的风速仪旁，架设高度为20.3米。配套支撑数据涵盖粒子数粒径分布、气象数据以及用于海表类型分类的船载自动化相机影像。研究团队基于每小时采集的影像将海表状况划分为致密冰、窄冰间水道与开阔水域三类。两处固定冰营分别设置于79.6° N、1.3° W与79.8° N、2.8° E，加之航行漂移及过境期间获取的观测数据，共同实现了北纬78°至81°、西经4°至东经6°区间的空间观测覆盖。所有数据均通过运动校正、入口损失校正、时滞确定以及船舶尾气污染过滤完成预处理。随后采用标准涡动协方差法，以20分钟为平均时间间隔计算湍流粒子通量。本数据集完整记录了北极中部融冰早期阶段的湍流粒子通量、粒子浓度与海表状况。