Mobile phone use among Indonesian motorcyclists: prevalence and influencing factors

Indonesia is one of many developing countries that relies on motorcycles as a major mode of transportation. Unfortunately, the widespread use of motorcycles in Indonesia coincides with a high number of motorcycle accidents which can often be attributed to unsafe behaviors of the motorcyclist. One unsafe behavior that is common and hypothetically associated with accidents is the use of a mobile phone while motorcycling. The aim of the present study was to observe the prevalence and behavior of mobile phone use among Indonesian motorcyclists and the factors that might have influenced their behavior. Five hundred Indonesian motorcyclists voluntarily participated in this study by filling out a questionnaire that gathered demographic data, motorcycling behaviors, and a statement related to what factors might influence their likelihood to use a mobile phone while motorcycling. A descriptive statistic and Structural Equation Modeling were applied in analyzing the data. Results showed that the prevalence of mobile phone use among Indonesian motorcyclists was 75%. The demographic data that significantly influenced mobile phone use during motorcycling were age, education level, marital status, and number of children. Occupation, gender, and prior experiences that included accidents and tickets with fines did not influence the use of mobile phones during motorcycling. The behavioral model showed that the factors that influenced motorcyclist's intentions to avoid mobile phone use during motorcycling were attitude, perceived behavioral control, and cues to action. This study supports previous findings regarding the high prevalence of mobile phone use among motorcyclists in developing countries. The models implied that further investigation on intervention strategy to minimize mobile phone use during motorcycling is a necessity.印度尼西亚是众多将摩托车作为主要交通出行方式的发展中国家之一。遗憾的是，印尼摩托车的广泛普及与高发的摩托车交通事故相伴而生，而此类事故多可归因于摩托车骑行者的不安全驾驶行为。其中一种常见且被假说与事故存在关联的不安全行为，便是骑行过程中使用移动电话。 本研究旨在调查印尼摩托车骑行者骑行时使用移动电话的流行现状与行为特征，以及可能影响其此类行为的相关因素。 共有500名印尼摩托车骑行者自愿参与本研究，他们通过填写问卷提供了人口统计数据、骑行行为信息，以及与可能影响其骑行时使用移动电话意愿的相关因素的相关陈述。本研究采用描述性统计与结构方程模型（Structural Equation Modeling）对采集到的数据进行分析。 研究结果显示，印尼摩托车骑行者中骑行时使用移动电话的流行率为75%。对骑行时使用移动电话行为产生显著影响的人口统计因素包括年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况以及子女数量。而职业、性别，以及包含事故与违章罚款记录在内的既往经历，并未对骑行时使用移动电话的行为产生显著影响。行为模型分析表明，影响骑行者避免在骑行时使用移动电话意向的因素包括态度、感知行为控制（Perceived Behavioral Control）以及行动线索（Cues to Action）。 本研究印证了此前针对发展中国家摩托车骑行者移动电话使用高流行率的相关研究结论。该模型提示，针对骑行过程中移动电话使用行为的干预策略开展进一步研究具有必要性。