Lactobacillus intestinalis derived phenylalanine metabolite phenyllactic acid ameliorates atherosclerosis through MAPK signaling pathway

For the Phe supplementation efficiency assay, mice were randomly assigned into three groups: CON (C57BL/6 J, n=6), MOD (ApoE-/-, n=8), and MOD+Phe (ApoE-/-, n=8). The CON group received standard chow, the MOD group was given HFD, and the MOD+Phe group received HFD with Phe supplementation (1g/kg feed). 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed from of ileocecal junction contents.