Supplementary Material for: Exploring Immune-Related Adverse Events: A Case of Febrile Neutropenia in Melanoma Patient Receiving Immunotherapy

The introduction of Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has opened a new chapter in cancer treatment. Nevertheless, their use may result in immune-related adverse events (irAEs) with multifactorial determinants, complex mechanisms, and varying clinical implications. In specific cancer types, like melanoma, irAEs exhibit a complex relationship with patient outcomes. We present a case of febrile neutropenia following ICI therapy in a patient with metastatic melanoma, underscoring the intricate clinical landscape associated with irAEs in the context of cancer immunotherapy. More specifically, a 68-year-old man was diagnosed with metastatic malignant melanoma and administered a combination of Nivolumab and Ipilimumab. However, after a single dose, the patient was hospitalized due to febrile neutropenia. The patient eventually recovered, but a diagnosis of myelosuppression related to prior immunotherapy led to treatment discontinuation. Subsequently, the patient transitioned to a second-line therapy. This case contributes to our comprehension of rare yet potentially severe hematological immune-related adverse events and their influence on immunotherapy outcomes. Such insights will guide future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the field of immunotherapy.