Raw data for: Dual-cycle CO2 fixation enhances growth and lipid synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

Carbon fixation through the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle accounts for the majority of CO2 uptake from the atmosphere. The CBB cycle generates C3 carbohydrates but is inefficient at producing acetyl-CoA (C2), which is the universal precursor for synthesizing lipids. Here, we introduce in Arabidopsis thaliana a new-to-nature CO2 fixing cycle, Malyl-coA-glycerate (McG) cycle, which, together with the CBB cycle, forms a dual-cycle CO2 fixation system. This cycle can fix one additional carbon by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and convert the photorespiration product, glycolate, to acetyl-CoA. Plants with the McG cycle show enhanced protein abundance in their photosystems and enhanced photosystem II efficiency. McG plants had doubled CO2 fixation rates under atmospheric CO2, increased lipid production, pronounced growth enhancement, and tripled the seed yield.
, , # Dual-cycle CO2 fixation enhances growth and lipid synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.h9w0vt4vf](10.5061/dryad.h9w0vt4vf)

## Description of the data and file structure

The adp3528_Raw_data.zip file contains data for generating figures and tables in \"Dual-cycle CO2 fixation enhances growth and lipid synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana\" by Lu et al., 2025. The Fig.1 to 5 are used for generating the main figures Fig.1 to Fig. 5. The data in Fig.S1 to Fig. S32 are used to generate supplementary figures FigS1 to FigS32. The data in TableS1 to TableS7 are used for generating supplementary tables TableS1 to TableS7. The plants used in this study are Arabidopsis wild-type (WT) plants, Arabidopsis transgenic plants expressing complete McG (McG_1, McG_2, McG_3, McG_4), plants expressing partial McG for catalyzing PEP and CO2 to acetyl-coA and glyoxylate (Mc_1, Mc_2, Mc_3), plants expressing partial McG for catalyzing glyoxylate to glycerate (G_1, G_2, G_3), and plant...,