INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS IN VARIOUS SEASONS OF THE YEAR ON THE MICROCLIMATE OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY FARMS

The paper presents the material of experimental studies on the influence of external environmental conditions on the microclimate of livestock buildings and, in turn, on the incidence of respiratory diseases and productivity of animals contained in them. During the researches it was established that in summer, when temperature and humidity of outside air are elevated, these parameters inside livestock buildings also increase. In summer, the bacterial contamination of the air inside livestock buildings increases, which in turn increases the bacterial load on the animals. The incidence of calves with respiratory diseases compared with the spring period increased by 57,8%. Analysis of the productivity of cattle in spring and summer periods did not show a significant difference. The highest increase in live weight in calves was recorded in July – 0,823 kg/day. Milk productivity tends to rise in summer, the peak of milk production was registered in June – 22,3 kg.本论文呈现了关于外部环境条件对畜禽舍微气候的影响，进而作用于舍内饲养畜禽呼吸系统疾病发病率与生产性能的实验研究资料。研究证实，当夏季外界空气温湿度升高时，畜禽舍内的温湿度参数亦随之上升。夏季畜禽舍内空气的细菌污染程度加剧，进而使饲养动物所承受的细菌负荷增加。相较于春季，犊牛呼吸系统疾病的发病率升高了57.8%。对春、夏两季牛只的生产性能进行分析后，未发现显著差异。犊牛的日增重最高值出现在7月，为0.823 kg/天。泌乳性能在夏季呈上升趋势，产奶量峰值记录于6月，达22.3 kg。