EFFECT OF THE AEROBIC COMPONENT OF COMBINED TRAINING ON THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF HYPERTENSIVE ELDERLY WOMEN

ABSTRACT Introduction Aerobic (AT), strength (ST) and combined (CT) training are already well referenced as a method for the treatment and control of arterial hypertension (AH) inducing positive changes in blood pressure (BP) reduction, a phenomenon known as post-exercise hypotension (PEH). However, the correct order of combined training to promote PEH is still unclear. Objective To verify the effect of the order of the aerobic component in combined training on PEH among hypertensive elderly women. Methods Randomized clinical trial of 24 elderly hypertensive women allocated to three training groups: Group 1 - Aerobic + Strength Training (AT + ST), Group 2 - Strength + Aerobic Training (ST + AT) and Group 3 - Aerobic + Strength + Aerobic Training (AT + ST + AT). Participants underwent AT at 60% heart rate reserve intensity for 30 minutes and ST with four exercises in three sets of 12 repetitions at 60% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) also for 30 minutes. The training involved 24 sessions (three times a week).Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured in all groups at time points before and after each session, and the mean BP (MBP) was calculated. Results The variables analyzed did not differ significantly between groups in either the pre- or post-training period. MBP showed a significant reduction only in G1. However, G3 had a greater effect on all the variables analyzed. Conclusion Combined training with an aerobic component (G3) generated a significant post-exercise hypotensive effect over 24 sessions, and is indicated for elderly hypertensive women. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies.ABSTRACT 引言 有氧训练（Aerobic Training, AT）、力量训练（Strength Training, ST）与混合训练（Combined Training, CT）已被充分佐证为动脉高血压（arterial hypertension, AH）的治疗与管控手段，可带来血压降低的积极效应，该现象被称为运动后低血压（post-exercise hypotension, PEH）。但目前仍未明确混合训练中各组分的合理排序方式，以有效诱发运动后低血压。 目的 探讨混合训练中有氧组分的先后顺序对老年高血压女性群体运动后低血压的影响。 方法 本研究为随机临床试验，共纳入24名老年高血压女性受试者，随机分为3个训练组：第1组（G1）：有氧训练+力量训练（AT+ST）；第2组（G2）：力量训练+有氧训练（ST+AT）；第3组（G3）：有氧训练+力量训练+有氧训练（AT+ST+AT）。所有受试者均以60%心率储备强度进行30分钟有氧训练，并完成以60%单次最大重复重量（one-repetition maximum, 1RM）为负荷、包含4个训练动作、3组每组12次重复的力量训练，力量训练时长亦为30分钟。整个训练周期共包含24次训练，每周进行3次。所有受试者在每次训练前后均测量收缩压（systolic blood pressure, SBP）与舒张压（diastolic blood pressure, DBP），并计算平均血压（mean blood pressure, MBP）。 结果 训练前及训练后阶段，各组间各分析变量均无显著统计学差异。仅第1组的平均血压出现显著降低。但第3组对所有分析变量的改善效果更为显著。 结论 以有氧组分为起始与收尾的混合训练（即G3方案）在24次训练周期中可产生显著的运动后降压效应，适用于老年高血压女性群体。本研究证据等级为II级，属于治疗性研究。