Evolution of the number of teaching staff in public higher education

This dataset describes the evolution of the number of teaching staff in public higher education since 1949-50. It comes from the collection and synthesis of data provided in statistical publications of the Ministry of National Education (MEN) and/or the Ministry of Higher Education and Research (MESR). Most of these data were collected on the website of the DEPP Statistical Archives, DėPPαDoc: https://archives-statistiques-depp.education.gouv.fr/ ### Sources References to the data source are available in the source column of the file. TS refers to the publication “Statistical tables” (TS 3950 thus refers to the publication “Statistical Tables n°3950” of January 1971) Reference is made to the publication “Statistics of Teachings” (SE 73.3 thus refers to the publication "Statistics of the teachings 1973 Chapter 3. Teaching staff") RERS refers to the publication ‘Statistical References and References’ (RERS 2007 thus refers to the long series on teaching staff in higher education available in Fact Sheet 9.14 of the Repres and Statistical References for 2007”) Nor refers to the publication "Information Note" (NI 81.38 thus refers to the publication "Information Note n°81-38. Statistical information on higher education staff — 1980-81» Ni-DGRH refers to the publication “DGRH Information Note” of the MESR (NI DGRH 22-09 thus refers to the publication “DGRH Note — Higher Education — No 9 — October 2022”) ### Interpretation of data The replenishment of long series requires groupings to propose relatively homogeneous categories, even though the status of teachers has evolved over time and the categories used in statistical publications may also vary. Thus, for the period before 1984-85, the column on university professors (statut_pu) includes all grade A teachers and therefore includes university professors and former lecturers (who were the equivalent of current 2nd class professors). The lecturers column (statut_ma_mcf) then designates the Assistant Masters, a body created in 1960 and which has disappeared to be integrated into the new corps of lecturers created in 1984. Medical and ontology assistants have been grouped into the category heads of clinics as is the case from NI 95.40. The assistant_total column therefore includes assistants holding all disciplines (medicine and odontology included) ### Points of attention There is a serial break for PUs and MCFs starting in 2013-2014, with associate teachers no longer included in the PU and MCF column as was the case before, but counted separately. The columns status_pu_sl and status_mcf_sl make it possible to see the evolution without the break in series over the period 2001-2021, it is taken from the statistical table accompanying the information note DGRH 22-09, of October 2022 of the MESRI. The status_ens_associates_inclusive_mcf_pu column gives, for information, the number of associate teachers included in the number of PUs and MCFs until 2012-2013. Attention, in the notes of the DGRH from 2019, data on holders are given for school year n, while the data on contract staff relate to school year n-1. Staff were therefore reported to their year of observation and not to their year of publication in the HRB notes. For the years 2013-14 and 2014-15, the number of contract doctoral students providing an education service is not the same in the annual DGRH note and in the statistical table accompanying DGRH note 5 of May 2022 on contract teachers assigned to higher education For distribution by discipline, it is possible to refer to the dataset compiled by Célian Godefroid since 1980: https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/evolution-du-nombre-denseignants-chercheurs-a-luniversite-francaise-depuis-1980/本数据集记录了1949-1950学年起法国公立高等教育机构教职员工数量的演变情况。 本数据集整合了法国国民教育部（Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, MEN）及高等教育与研究部（Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche, MESR）官方统计出版物中的数据，其中多数数据取自DEPP统计档案网站DėPPαDoc：https://archives-statistiques-depp.education.gouv.fr/ ### 数据来源说明 本数据集文件的"来源"列已标注各数据的引用出处： - TS 指代《统计报表》（Statistical tables）出版物，例如TS 3950即指1971年1月发布的《第3950号统计报表》； - SE 指代《教学统计》（Statistics of Teachings）出版物，例如SE 73.3即指《1973年教学统计 第3章：教职员工》； - RERS 指代《统计参考资料》（Statistical References and References）出版物，例如RERS 2007即指2007年《统计参考资料》手册第9.14节中收录的高等教育教职员工长期序列数据； - Nor 指代《信息通报》（Information Note）出版物，例如NI 81.38即指《第81-38号信息通报：1980-1981学年高等教育教职员工统计信息》； - Ni-DGRH 指代法国高等教育与研究部人事总司（DGRH）发布的《信息通报》，例如NI DGRH 22-09即指《DGRH通报——高等教育——第9号：2022年10月》。 ### 数据解读 由于教师职业身份随时间不断演变，且统计出版物所采用的分类标准亦存在调整，因此为构建长期连续的时间序列，需对原始数据进行分组归类，以形成相对统一的统计类别。 具体而言，在1984-1985学年之前，"大学教授（statut_pu）"字段涵盖所有A级教师，其中既包括现任大学教授，也包括原讲师（对应现行二级教授）；而"讲师（statut_ma_mcf）"字段则指代助理讲师——该职级设立于1960年，后于1984年被整合入新设立的讲师职级体系并退出历史舞台。 此外，自NI 95.40出版物起，医疗及牙科学助理人员已被归入"诊所负责人"类别。因此，"assistant_total"字段涵盖所有学科的助理人员（含医学与牙医学科）。 ### 注意事项 1. **序列断点说明**：2013-2014学年起，大学教授（PU）与讲师（MCF）的统计序列出现断点：此前该类别的统计包含兼职教师，而此后兼职教师不再被纳入该字段，需单独统计。字段`status_pu_sl`与`status_mcf_sl`可展示2001-2021年间无序列断点的教职员工演变情况，该数据取自法国高等教育研究与创新部（MESRI）2022年10月发布的DGRH 22-09信息通报配套统计报表。字段`status_ens_associates_inclusive_mcf_pu`仅作参考，用于展示2012-2013学年之前纳入PU与MCF统计的兼职教师数量。 2. **数据时间口径说明**：自2019年起的DGRH通报中，在职正式教职员工的统计数据对应学年n，而合同制员工的数据则对应学年n-1。因此本数据集的统计均以观测学年为准，而非人事通报（HRB）的发布年份。 3. **特殊年份数据差异**：2013-2014及2014-2015学年中，提供教学服务的合同制博士生数量，在年度DGRH通报与2022年5月发布的《DGRH第5号通报——高等教育合同制教师》配套统计报表中存在差异。 4. 若需获取1980年起法国大学学科分布的教职员工数据，可参考Célian Godefroid整理的数据集：https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/evolution-du-nombre-denseignants-chercheurs-a-luniversite-francaise-depuis-1980/