Johnston Draw Stream Temperature, Intermittency, and Conductivity Data (AIMS_MW_JDR_approach1_STIC)
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Johnston Draw is a 1.8-km2 watershed in southwestern Idaho, USA (outlet location: 43.1226, -116.776) located within the Reynolds Creek Critical Zone Observatory in western Idaho, a research center with cattle grazing. Elevation ranges from approximately 1490m to 1850m. The mean annual precipitation in the watershed is 550 mm/yr with rainfall occurring at the lower elevations and snowfall, resulting in large drifts, at the higher elevations (Godsey et al., 2018). Mean annual temperatures range from 8.9C at the bottom of watershed and 4.7C near the top. These data were collected in support of the sampling goals of the Aquatic Intermittency effects on Microbiomes in Streams (AIMS) Project. These sensors were set to collect temperature and conductivity data every 15 minutes. Each .csv file is associated with a single site for a single year. Naming convention Guide to interpreting file names using STIC_MW_JDR_JDR28_HS_.2023csv as an example: - \"STIC_MW_JDR_\" = same for all sites, indicating it is STIC data from the Mountian West region and the Johnston Draw watershed. - \"JDR28\" = site code, corresponding to the location of the STIC within the watershed - \"HS\" = sublocation, corresponding to the placement of the STIC at that site. All data in this resource was collected from sensors with a \"HS\" sublocation, meaning the STIC was placed at a high spot in the stream thalweg, and a wet reading is interpreted as an indicator of flowing surface water connection within the stream network. - \"2023\" = year of STIC data included in file. Methodological details: STIC sensors were deployed in 2021 following the methods described here: http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/c82a87a6c63445029d35131260241386 STIC sensors were calibrated following the methods described here: http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/9f2027c779d64149be32bdb9eede54f2 A detailed description of the processing and classification workflow is available in Zipper et al: https://eartharxiv.org/repository/view/4909/ Due to data logger errors, maintenance, etc. there are not data for all sites at all timesteps. Further information for all data fields can be found in the \"Data Types\" tab of this ReadME. Sensors recorded relative conductivity (here, condUncal) and used in conjunction with multi-point lab calibration curves to calculate wetdry and SpC fields. The lowest point on the standard curve was water with an SpC of 0, which represented the lowest possible condUncal that would yield a \"wet\" value. This zero was used as a threshold, and wetdry was calculated such that anything below this threshold was \"dry\" (wetdry = 0) and anything above was \"wet\" (wetdry = 1). Additionally, the rest of the standard curve was used to build a relationship between condUncal and SpC, and this linear model was applied to the condUncal to calculate SpC. The qual_rating flags are (Details in Zipper et al): Excellent: STIC was (1) calibrated prior to deployment, and (2) stayed operational throughout 95% of the download period, and (3) was not displaced from streambed (i.e., the external electrodes were within 1 cm from stream bed at the time of download indicating minimal erosion/deposition), and (4) data from sensor roughly agree with field observations of wet/dry (i.e., >1000 Lux sensor reading on day of removal corresponds to field observations of water at STIC). Good: (1) STIC stayed operational throughout the entire download period, and (2) the external electrodes were within 1 cm from stream bed at the time of download, and (3) data from sensor roughly agree with field observations of wet/dry, but (4) the STIC was not calibrated prior to deployment. Fair: (1) STIC stayed operational throughout 75% or more of the download period, and (2) data roughly agree with field observations, and/or (3) the external electrodes were between 1-3 cm from streambed at the time of download. Poor: (1) STIC stayed operational throughout less than 75% of the download period, and/or (2) the external electrodes were >3 cm from streambed at the time of download, and/or (3) data does NOT agree with field observations. The QAQC flags are denoted as follows; if multiple flags were generated, they were concatenated: NA : no flags, data passes checks C : calibration curve yielded a negative value for SpC, changed to a value of 0 manually O : SpC value is higher than the highest measured Calibration point, and is therefore off the calibration curve D : wetdry reading flagged as a potential anomaly (i.e., short period of dry surrounded by long period of wet, calculated using a moving window z-score of condUncal values) T : wetdry reading interpreted from temperature data
Johnston Draw是美国爱达荷州西南部一片面积1.8平方千米的流域（出水口坐标：43.1226, -116.776），隶属于爱达荷州西部的Reynolds Creek关键带观测站（Reynolds Creek Critical Zone Observatory），该研究中心开展牛群放牧相关研究。流域海拔范围约1490米至1850米。流域年平均降水量为550毫米/年，低海拔区域以降雨为主，高海拔区域则以降雪为主，易形成大面积积雪堆积（Godsey等，2018）。流域年均气温从底部的8.9℃至顶部附近的4.7℃不等。 本数据集采集工作旨在支撑溪流微生物群的间歇性水文影响（Aquatic Intermittency effects on Microbiomes in Streams，简称AIMS）项目的采样目标。传感器设置为每15分钟采集一次温度与电导率数据。每个逗号分隔值（CSV）文件对应单个站点单一年度的观测数据。 命名约定 以STIC_MW_JDR_JDR28_HS_.2023.csv为例，文件名各部分含义如下： - "STIC_MW_JDR_"：所有站点通用前缀，代表该数据为山区西部（Mountain West）区域的STIC传感器（STIC）数据，且采集自Johnston Draw流域。 - "JDR28"：站点代码，对应STIC传感器在流域内的布设位置。 - "HS"：子站点标识，代表该站点处STIC传感器的布设位置。本数据集所有数据均采自带有"HS"子站点标识的传感器，即STIC被布置在溪流深槽的高处，其“湿润”读数可作为溪流网络内存在地表径流连通性的指示指标。 - "2023"：文件包含的STIC观测数据所属年份。 方法学细节 STIC传感器于2021年按照下述方法布设：http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/c82a87a6c63445029d35131260241386 STIC传感器的校准方法参见下述资源：http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/9f2027c779d64149be32bdb9eede54f2 关于数据处理与分类工作流的详细说明可参见Zipper等的研究：https://eartharxiv.org/repository/view/4909/ 由于数据记录仪故障、维护等原因，并非所有站点的所有时间步长均有观测数据。 所有数据字段的进一步说明可参见本自述文件的"数据类型"标签页。传感器记录的是相对电导率（此处记为condUncal），结合多点实验室校准曲线计算得到wetdry与比电导率（SpC）字段。标准曲线的最低点为电导率为0的纯水，代表可判定为“湿润”的最低condUncal值。以该零点作为阈值，wetdry字段计算规则为：低于该阈值的记录标记为“干燥”（wetdry=0），高于该阈值的记录标记为“湿润”（wetdry=1）。此外，利用标准曲线的其余部分建立condUncal与SpC之间的线性关系，并将该模型应用于condUncal数据以计算SpC值。 质量评级（qual_rating）标志定义如下（详细说明参见Zipper等的研究）： - 优秀（Excellent）：(1) 布设前已完成校准；(2) 在整个下载周期的95%以上时间内保持正常运行；(3) 未从溪床移位（即下载时外部电极与溪床距离小于1厘米，表明侵蚀/沉积作用微弱）；(4) 传感器数据与野外干湿观测结果基本一致（即移除传感器当日的光照强度>1000勒克斯时，对应野外观测到STIC处存在水体）。 - 良好（Good）：(1) 在整个下载周期内保持正常运行；(2) 下载时外部电极与溪床距离小于1厘米；(3) 传感器数据与野外干湿观测结果基本一致；但(4) 布设前未完成校准。 - 合格（Fair）：(1) 在下载周期的75%以上时间内保持正常运行；(2) 数据与野外观测结果基本一致；和/或(3) 下载时外部电极与溪床距离在1至3厘米之间。 - 较差（Poor）：(1) 在下载周期内正常运行的时间不足75%；和/或(2) 下载时外部电极与溪床距离大于3厘米；和/或(3) 传感器数据与野外观测结果不符。 质量控制与质量评估（QAQC）标志定义如下，若存在多个标志则进行拼接： - NA：无标志，数据通过所有检查 - C：校准曲线计算得到的SpC值为负值，已手动修正为0 - O：SpC值高于校准曲线的最高测量点，超出校准范围 - D：wetdry读数被标记为潜在异常（即被长时间湿润时段包围的短时间干燥时段，通过condUncal值的移动窗口z分数计算判定） - T：通过温度数据解读得到的wetdry读数
