Maximum-likelihood estimates (and 95% confidence intervals) for infection coefficients (<i>β</i>) and time since disease introduction (<i>TDI</i>) of chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer in core-sized regions (≈544 km²) surrounding the south-central core in Wisconsin from 2002–20

aDirection and distance from the center of the core to the center of a given region. bno ĉ correction; North-East: χ2 = 5.64, df = 8, P = 0.69; South: χ2 = 7.07, df = 13, P = 0.90. cĉ correction; East: χ2 = 22.53 df = 14, P = 0.07, ĉ = 1.61; South-West: χ2 = 29.63, df = 16, P = 0.02, ĉ = 1.85; West: χ2 = 27.85, df = 16, P = 0.03, ĉ = 1.74. dThe 95% CI upper bound was not estimable. The transmission model assumes sex-specific FD transmission. P are the z-test probabilities evaluating the null hypothesis that parameter values are equal between the core and a given region; bold values indicate α≤0.05.