ABS - Personal Income - Investment Income (SA3) 2011-2018

This dataset presents information about investment income. The data covers the financial years 2011-12 to 2017-18, and is based on Statistical Area Level 3 (SA3) according to the 2016 edition of the Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS).\n\nInvestment income includes the following data items on the Individual Tax Returns (ITR):\n\n * Gross interest\n\n * Dividends unfranked amount\n\n * Dividends franked amount\n\n * Dividends franking credit\n\n * Share of net income from trusts less net capital gains and foreign income non primary production\n\n * Franked distributions from trusts - non-primary production\n\n * Australian franking credits from a New Zealand company\n\n * Net foreign rent\n\n * Net rent\n\nAll monetary values are presented as gross pre-tax dollars, as far as possible. This means they reflect income before deductions and loses, and before any taxation or levies (e.g. the Medicare levy or the temporary budget repair levy) are applied. The amounts shown are nominal, they have not been adjusted for inflation. The income presented in this release has been categorised into income types, these categories have been devised by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) to closely align to ABS definitions of income.\n\nThe statistics in this release are compiled from the Linked Employer Employee Dataset (LEED), a cross-sectional database based on administrative data from the Australian taxation system. The LEED includes more than 120 million tax records over seven consecutive years between 2011-12 and 2017-18.\n\nPlease note:\n\n * All personal income tax statistics included in LEED were provided in de-identified form with no home address or date of birth. Addresses were coded to the ASGS and date of birth was converted to an age at 30 June of the reference year prior to data provision.\n\n * To minimise the risk of identifying individuals in aggregate statistics, perturbation has been applied to the statistics in this release. Perturbation involves small random adjustment of the statistics and is considered the most satisfactory technique for avoiding the release of identifiable statistics, while maximising the range of information that can be released. These adjustments have a negligible impact on the underlying pattern of the statistics. Some cells have also been suppressed due to low counts.\n\n * Totals may not align with the sum of their components due to missing or unpublished information in the underlying data and perturbation.\n\nFor further information please visit the [Australian Bureau of Statistics](https://www.abs.gov.au/methodologies/personal-income-australia-methodology/2011-12-2017-18).\n\n AURIN has made the following changes to the original data:\n\n * Spatially enabled the [original data](https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/labour/earnings-and-work-hours/personal-income-australia/latest-release#data-download).\n\n * Set 'np' (not published to protect the confidentiality of individuals or businesses) values to Null.\n

本数据集涵盖投资收益相关信息。数据覆盖2011-12至2017-18财年，基于2016版澳大利亚统计地理标准（Australian Statistical Geography Standard, ASGS）下的三级统计区域（Statistical Area Level 3, SA3）划分。

投资收益包含个人所得税申报表（Individual Tax Returns, ITR）中的以下数据项：
* 毛利息收入
* 未免税股息金额
* 已免税股息金额
* 股息抵税额度
* 扣除净资本利得及非初级生产类外国收入后的信托净收益份额
* 非初级生产类信托的免税分配收益
* 源自新西兰公司的澳大利亚股息抵税额度
* 外国租赁净收益
* 租赁净收益

所有货币价值均尽可能以税前毛额形式呈现，即该数值反映的是扣除项与亏损前、且未计征任何税款或征费（如医保税或临时预算修复税）后的收入。所列金额均为名义价值，未针对通货膨胀进行调整。

本发布文件中的收入已按收入类型进行分类，该分类由澳大利亚统计局（Australian Bureau of Statistics, ABS）制定，以尽可能贴合澳大利亚统计局的收入定义。

本次发布的统计数据源自雇主雇员关联数据集（Linked Employer Employee Dataset, LEED），该数据集是基于澳大利亚税务系统行政数据构建的横截面数据库。LEED在2011-12至2017-18这七个连续财年中涵盖了超过1.2亿条税务记录。

请注意：
* 所有纳入LEED的个人所得税统计数据均已进行去标识化处理，未包含家庭住址或出生日期信息。住址已按ASGS标准进行编码，出生日期则在数据提供前已转换为对应统计财年6月30日时的年龄。
* 为降低汇总统计数据中识别出个体的风险，本发布文件中的统计数据已应用扰动处理。扰动处理指对统计数据进行小幅随机调整，该方法被认为是在最大化可发布信息范围的同时，避免发布可识别个体的统计数据的最优方案。此类调整对统计数据的核心趋势影响可忽略不计。部分单元格因计数过低也已被隐去。
* 由于原始数据存在缺失或未发布信息，以及扰动处理的影响，总计值可能与其分项之和不一致。

如需更多信息，请访问[澳大利亚统计局（ABS）](https://www.abs.gov.au/methodologies/personal-income-australia-methodology/2011-12-2017-18)。

澳大利亚城市与区域信息网络（Australian Urban and Regional Information Network, AURIN）对原始数据进行了如下修改：
* 为[原始数据](https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/labour/earnings-and-work-hours/personal-income-australia/latest-release#data-download)添加空间属性。
* 将"np"（为保护个人或企业机密而未发布的值）统一设置为空值。