Secondary contact and genomic admixture between rhesus and long-tailed macaques in the Indochina Peninsula

Understanding the process and consequences of hybridization is one of the major challenges in evolutionary biology. A growing body of literature has reported evidence of ancient hybridization events or natural hybrid zones in primates, including humans; however, we still have relatively limited knowledge about the pattern and history of admixture because there have been little studies that simultaneously achieved genome-scale analysis and a geographically extensive sampling of wild populations. Our study applied double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing to samples from the six localities in and around the provisional hybrid zone of rhesus and long-tailed macaques and evaluated population structure, phylogenetic relationships, demographic history, and geographic clines of morphology and allele frequencies. A latitudinal gradient of genetic components was observed, highlighting the transition from rhesus (north) to long-tailed macaque distribution (south) as well as the pre...解析杂交过程及其演化后果，是进化生物学领域的核心挑战之一。目前已有越来越多的研究文献报道，包括人类在内的灵长类类群中存在古老杂交事件或自然杂交带的相关证据；然而，由于鲜有研究能够同时实现基因组规模分析与野生种群的大范围地理采样，我们对灵长类遗传混合的模式与历史仍知之甚少。本研究针对恒河猴与长尾猕猴暂定杂交带及其周边6个采样点位的样本，采用双酶切限制性位点关联DNA测序技术开展分析，并对种群结构、系统发育关系、种群历史动态，以及形态特征与等位基因频率的地理梯度进行了系统评估。研究观察到遗传组分呈现纬度梯度分布特征，清晰展现了从北部恒河猴分布区到南部长尾猕猴分布区的遗传过渡，以及预……