Goorooyarroo Nature Reserve Site 3, ACT. VAST-2: Tracking the Transformation of Australia's Vegetated Landscapes

The aim of this project is to compile land use and management practices and their observed and measured impacts and effects on vegetation condition. The results provide land managers and researchers with a tool for reporting and monitoring spatial and temporal transformations of Australia’s native vegetated landscapes due to changes in land use and management practices. Following are the details about Goorooyarroo Nature Reserve Site 3.

Pre-European benchmark-analogue vegetation: The site was originally woodlands on the deeper soils of the lower slopes and flats (Eucalyptus blakelyi and Eucalyptus melliodora) (McIntyre et al., 2010).

Brief chronology of changes in land use and management:
1819: Area managed by indigenous Ngunnawal people
1826: Sheep grazing with shepherds commenced
1860: Fences constructed - continuous stocking with sheep commenced in large paddocks
1920-1925: Large old and dead trees felled for firewood for Canberra market
1961: 50 acre paddock fenced as a future lambing paddock
1962-1965: Remaining trees ringbarked, left to stand to dry out and sold as firewood
1966-1978: Paddock converted to improved pasture. Repeated resown and fertilized
1979-2004: Holding paddock for lambing ewes
1994: Mulligans Flat Nature Reserve established
2004: Continuous stocking with sheep grazing ceased
2005: Kangaroo proof fence erected
2008: Kangaroo population begins to rapidly increase
2008: Commenced annual removal of pest species of plants and animals
2009: Introduced large logs to the site from off the Reserve
2010: Commenced annual kangaroo cull.

本项目旨在汇编土地利用与管理实践，及其对植被状况产生的可观测、可量化的影响与效应。研究成果可为土地管理者与科研人员提供工具，用于报告和监测澳大利亚本土植被景观因土地利用及管理实践变化而发生的时空动态变化。以下为古罗亚罗自然保护区（Goorooyarroo Nature Reserve）3号样地的详细信息。

欧洲殖民前基准类比植被（Pre-European benchmark-analogue vegetation）：该样地最初为发育于下坡及平地深层土壤的林地，优势树种为布拉克利桉（Eucalyptus blakelyi）与密花桉（Eucalyptus melliodora）（McIntyre等，2010）。

土地利用与管理变迁简史：
1819年：该区域由原住民恩古纳瓦人（Ngunnawal）管理
1826年：开启牧羊人值守的绵羊放牧模式
1860年：修建围栏，大型放牧区正式启动绵羊连续放牧
1920-1925年：砍伐大量老旧枯木，为堪培拉市场供应薪柴
1961年：围栏划定50英亩放牧区，作为未来产羔场地
1962-1965年：对剩余树木实施环剥树皮处理，任其干枯后作为薪柴售卖
1966-1978年：将该放牧区改造为改良牧场，多次补播牧草并施加肥料
1979-2004年：作为待产母绵羊的暂养放牧区
1994年：穆利根斯弗拉特自然保护区（Mulligans Flat Nature Reserve）正式设立
2004年：终止绵羊连续放牧
2005年：架设袋鼠防护围栏
2008年：袋鼠种群开始快速增长
2008年：启动年度有害动植物清除工作
2009年：从保护区外引入大型枯木至样地
2010年：启动年度袋鼠种群管控猎杀