New insight into chert from silica phase transformation and (Si and O) isotope and trace element criterion constraints on origin: Implications for δ30Siseawater and paleo-temperature reconstructions

Major and minor element, TOC contents (wt.%; Supplementary Data S1), trace element and REEs concentrations (mg/kg; Supplementary Data S2). Various chert types from representative sedimentary profiles of Paleozoic, Proterozoic and Archean, invoking volcanic, S-, C- (seawater, hydrothermal), dike chert types and their Si and O isotopie and trace elements datasets (Supplementary Data S3), and Si and O in-situ isotopic datasets for representative microquartz and quartz vein of the 1.88 Ga Gunflint (Canada), 2.72 Ga Tumbiana Formation (Australia), 3.29 Ga Mendon Formation (South Africa), and 3.48 Ga Dresser Formation (Australia) chert (Supplementary Data S4). Si isotope fractionation in opal-CT dissolves and reprecipitates to microquartz process in pore water (Supplementary Data S5), and O isotope-calculated paleo-temperatures (Supplementary Data S6) are shown for the early Silurian C-chert (seawater chert) sample from the Yangtze block, South China, Proterozoic-Cambrian transition C-chert from the Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic, and 1.9 Ga Gunflint chert, Canada.

主要及微量元素，总有机碳含量（质量百分比；补充数据S1），微量元素及稀土元素浓度（mg/kg；补充数据S2）。采集自古生代、元古宙和太古宙代表性沉积剖面中的各种燧石类型，包括火山、S-（海水、热液）、C-（海水、热液）以及岩墙燧石类型，及其Si和O同位素及微量元素数据集（补充数据S3），以及加拿大1.88亿年Gunflint（微石英和石英脉）的Si和O原位同位素数据集，澳大利亚2.72亿年Tumbiana地层，南非3.29亿年Mendon地层，以及澳大利亚3.48亿年Dresser地层燧石（补充数据S4）。Si同位素分馏在孔隙水中通过蛋白石-CT溶解与再沉淀至微石英过程（补充数据S5），以及O同位素计算的古老温度（补充数据S6）展示于早期志留纪C燧石（海水燧石）样品，该样品来自中国南方的扬子地块，以及来自捷克共和国波希米亚地块的元古宙-寒武纪过渡期C燧石，以及加拿大1.9亿年Gunflint燧石。