Evolutionary divergences mirror Pleistocene paleodrainages in a rapidly-evolving complex of oasis-dwelling jumping spiders (Salticidae, Habronattus tarsalis)

We aimed to understand the diversification history of jumping spiders in the Habronattus tarsalis species complex, with particular emphasis on how history in this system might illuminate biogeographic patterns and processes in deserts of the western United States. Desert populations of H. tarsalis are now confined to highly discontinuous oasis-like habitats, but these habitats would have been periodically more connected during multiple pluvial periods of the Pleistocene. We estimated divergence times using relaxed molecular clock analyses of published transcriptome datasets. Geographic patterns of diversification history were assessed using phylogenetic and cluster analyses of original sequence capture, RADSeq and morphological data. Clock analyses of multiple replicate transcriptome datasets indicate mid- to late-Pleistocene divergence dates within the H. tarsalis group complex. Coalescent and concatenated phylogenetic analyses indicate four early-diverging lineages (H. mustaciata, H. ...