Evolutionary divergences mirror Pleistocene paleodrainages in a rapidly-evolving complex of oasis-dwelling jumping spiders (Salticidae, Habronattus tarsalis)

We aimed to understand the diversification history of jumping spiders in the Habronattus tarsalis species complex, with particular emphasis on how history in this system might illuminate biogeographic patterns and processes in deserts of the western United States. Desert populations of H. tarsalis are now confined to highly discontinuous oasis-like habitats, but these habitats would have been periodically more connected during multiple pluvial periods of the Pleistocene. We estimated divergence times using relaxed molecular clock analyses of published transcriptome datasets. Geographic patterns of diversification history were assessed using phylogenetic and cluster analyses of original sequence capture, RADSeq and morphological data. Clock analyses of multiple replicate transcriptome datasets indicate mid- to late-Pleistocene divergence dates within the H. tarsalis group complex. Coalescent and concatenated phylogenetic analyses indicate four early-diverging lineages (H. mustaciata, H. ...本研究旨在探究哈氏跳蛛（Habronattus tarsalis）物种复合体内跳蛛的演化分化历史，并重点探讨该类群的演化历史如何揭示美国西部沙漠的生物地理格局与过程。现今哈氏跳蛛的沙漠种群仅分布于高度碎片化的类绿洲生境中，但在更新世的多轮雨期（pluvial period）中，这类生境曾周期性地更为连通。本研究利用已发表的转录组（transcriptome）数据集，通过宽松分子钟（relaxed molecular clock）分析估算类群的分化时间。本研究通过对原始序列捕获（sequence capture）数据、限制性位点关联DNA测序（RADSeq）以及形态学数据开展系统发育与聚类分析，评估了演化分化历史的地理格局。基于多套重复转录组数据集的分子钟分析结果显示，哈氏跳蛛物种复合体内的类群分化时间集中于更新世中晚期。溯祖分析与串联系统发育分析结果表明，该复合体存在四个早期分化支系（H. mustaciata，H. ...）