Effects of BAS on in vivo hepatic glucose metabolism.

In vivo parameters of hepatic glucose metabolism during the last 3 hours of the infusion experiment in lean mice (L), lean mice supplemented with BAS (L BAS), db/db mice (db) and db/db mice supplemented with BAS (db BAS) are depicted in the table, the graphic Graphic S1 illustrates the individual glucose fluxes for a better understanding of the table in a schematic manner. The second panel of the table entitled “Contributions to endogenous glucose production rate” shows the contribution of de novo glucose-6-phosphate synthesis to glucose (displayed as fluxes e+b in Graphic S1) and of glycogen to glucose (displayed as fluxes c+b Graphic S1) which altogether make up the endogenous glucose production rate. The third panel entitled “Contributions to hepatic glucose production rate” takes into account the glucose cycling rate and thus shows the contributions of the endogenous glucose production rate and the glucose cycling rate (which consists of the cycling of glucose: 1. from glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (depicted as a in the graphic, the glucokinase flux) and back (depicted as b in Graphic S1, the glucose-6-phosphatase flux); 2. Glucose-6-phosphate to glycogen and back, fluxes c+d in Graphic S1; and 3. Gluconeogenesis, flux e in the graphic (glycolysis is also a part of this but cannot be measured in the present set up) to the total hepatic glucose production rate which equals the flux rate through glucose-6-phosphatase. The lower panel shows the flux rates through glucokinase (a in the graphic) and the rate of glucose-6-phosphate de novo synthesis (c+e in Graphic S1). Each value represents the mean ± SD;*p†p