The de novo genome assembly and annotation of a female domestic dromedary of North African origin

The single-humped dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) is the most numerous and widespread of domestic camel species and is a significant source of meat, milk, wool, transportation and sport for millions of people. Dromedaries are particularly well adapted to hot, desert conditions and harbour a variety of biological and physiological characteristics with evolutionary, economic and medical importance. To understand the genetic basis of these traits, an extensive resource of genomic variation is required. In this study, we assembled at 65× coverage, a 2.06 Gb draft genome of a female dromedary whose ancestry can be traced to an isolated population from the Canary Islands. We annotated 21 167 protein-coding genes and estimated ~33.7% of the genome to be repetitive. A comparison with the recently published draft genome of an Arabian dromedary resulted in 1.91 Gb of aligned sequence with a divergence of 0.095%. An evaluation of our genome with the reference revealed that our assembly contains mo...单峰驼（Camelus dromedarius）是驯养骆驼类群中数量最多、分布最广的物种，为数百万人口提供了至关重要的肉、乳、毛、运输服务及竞技运动资源。单峰驼尤其适配炎热的沙漠环境，拥有诸多兼具进化、经济与医学价值的生物学及生理学特征。为阐明这些性状的遗传基础，亟需构建覆盖全面的基因组变异研究资源。本研究以一只雌性单峰驼为研究材料，其血统可追溯至加那利群岛的一个孤立种群，以65倍测序覆盖度组装出大小为2.06 Gb的草图基因组（draft genome）。我们共注释得到21167个蛋白质编码基因（protein-coding genes），并估算出基因组中约33.7%的序列为重复序列。将本研究组装的草图基因组与近期发表的阿拉伯单峰驼草图基因组进行比对，共得到1.91 Gb的比对序列（aligned sequence），序列分歧率为0.095%。通过以参考基因组对本研究组装的基因组进行评估，发现本次组装结果包含……