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This study provides a molecular characterization of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in an Iraqi patient study. It analyzes both protein expression, via immunohistochemistry (IHC), and genetic mutation profiles, via next-generation sequencing (NGS), with a focus on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and other oncogenic drivers like KRAS and TP53. The research identifies a distinct molecular profile, including a high frequency of EGFR mutations and an uncommon co-occurrence of EGFR and KRAS alterations. It evaluates the clinical utility of IHC as a screening tool and discusses the implications for targeted therapy and precision oncology in a resource-aware setting.