Genome-wide epitope mapping reveals significant diversity in antibody responses to Coxiella burnetii vaccination and infection

Coxiella burnetii is an important zoonotic bacterial pathogen of global importance, causing the disease Q fever in a wide range of animal hosts. Ruminant livestock, in particular sheep and goats, are considered the main reservoir of infection. Vaccination is a key control measure and two commercial vaccines based on formalin-inactivated C. burnetii bacterins are currently available. However, their deployment is limited due to significant reactogenicity in individuals previously sensitized to C. burnetii antigens. Furthermore, these vaccines interfere with available serodiagnostic tests which are also based on C. burnetii bacterin preparations. Subunit vaccines based on recombinant proteins offer significant advantages, as they can be designed to reduce reactogenicity and can be co-designed with defined antigen serodiagnostic tests to allow discrimination between vaccinated and infected individuals. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of antibody responses to C. burnetii vaccin...Coxiella burnetii（伯氏考克斯体）是一种具有全球公共卫生重要性的重要人畜共患细菌性病原体，可在多种动物宿主中引发Q热。反刍家畜，尤其是绵羊与山羊，被认为是该菌的主要感染储存宿主。疫苗接种是核心防控措施，目前已有两款基于甲醛灭活伯氏考克斯体细菌菌苗的商用疫苗上市。然而，由于其在既往致敏于伯氏考克斯体抗原的个体中可引发显著的反应原性，这类疫苗的应用受到了极大限制。此外，现有商用疫苗会干扰当前可用的血清学诊断试验——此类试验同样基于伯氏考克斯体细菌菌体制剂开发。基于重组蛋白的亚单位疫苗具备显著优势：其既可通过设计降低反应原性，还可与明确抗原的血清学诊断试验联合开发，从而实现疫苗接种者与自然感染者的血清学区分。本研究旨在探究针对伯氏考克斯体疫苗的抗体应答多样性……