Data from: Phylogenetic generic classification of parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) based on molecular, morphological and chemical evidence

Parmelioid lichens are a diverse and ubiquitous group of foliose lichens. Generic delimitation in parmelioid lichens has been in a state of flux since the late 1960s with the segregation of the large, heterogeneous genus Parmelia into numerous smaller genera. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that some of these new genera were monophyletic, some were not, and others, previously believed to be unrelated, fell within single monophyletic groups, indicating the need for a revision of the generic delimitations. This study aims to give an overview of current knowledge of the major clades of all parmelioid lichens. For this, we assembled a dataset of 762 specimens, including 31 of 33 currently accepted parmelioid genera (and 63 of 84 accepted genera of Parmeliaceae). We performed maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined datasets including two, three and four loci. Based on these phylogenies and the correlation of morphological and chemical characters that characterize monophyletic groups, we accept 27 genera within nine main clades. We re-circumscribe several genera and reduce Parmelaria to synonymy with Parmotrema. Emodomelanelia Divakar & A. Crespo is described as a new genus (type: E. masonii). Nipponoparmelia (Kurok.) K.H. Moon, Y. Ohmura & Kashiw. ex A. Crespo & al. is elevated to generic rank and 15 new combinations are proposed (in the genera Flavoparmelia, Parmotrema, Myelochroa, Melanelixia and Nipponoparmelia). A short discussion of the accepted genera is provided and remaining challenges and areas requiring additional taxon sampling are identified.梅衣类地衣（Parmelioid lichens）是一类多样性丰富、分布广泛的叶状地衣。自20世纪60年代末以来，由于将异质性极强的大型梅属（Parmelia）拆分为多个小型属，梅衣类地衣的属级界定一直处于动态变动的状态。近期的分子系统发育研究表明，这些新建属中部分为单系类群（monophyletic group），部分并非单系类群；而此前被认为彼此无关的类群，却归入了同一单系群中，这说明有必要对属级界定进行修订。本研究旨在全面梳理当前所有梅衣类地衣主要演化支（clade）的研究现状。为此，我们构建了包含762份标本的数据集，涵盖当前公认的33个梅衣类地衣属中的31个，以及梅衣科（Parmeliaceae）84个公认属中的63个。我们对包含2个、3个及4个基因座（locus，复数loci）的联合数据集开展了最大似然法（maximum likelihood）与贝叶斯分析（Bayesian analyses）。基于这些系统发育结果，以及表征单系群的形态与化学性状的相关性，我们认可9个主要演化支下共计27个属的划分。我们对多个属进行了重新界定，并将Parmelaria归为Parmotrema的同物异名。Emodomelanelia Divakar & A. Crespo被确立为新属（模式种：E. masonii）。Nipponoparmelia (Kurok.) K.H. Moon、Y. Ohmura与Kashiw. ex A. Crespo等被提升至属级，同时我们提出了15个新组合，分别隶属于Flavoparmelia、Parmotrema、Myelochroa、Melanelixia及Nipponoparmelia属。本文对已认可的属进行了简要讨论，并指出了当前仍存在的挑战以及需要补充类群采样的研究方向。