Replication Data for: Treasure Troves: Understanding Sovereign Wealth Funds Using the SWIFT Dataset

Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) are integral to major forces shaping the international political economy, including global finance, the expansion of state capitalism, the eastward shift of economic power, and resource nationalism. Their rapid ascent has spurred a growing body of research on their origins, design, savings, investments, and international impact. However, divergent research foci, diverse samples, limited data granularity, and barriers to comprehensive data access hinder systematic comparisons, robust analysis, and causal inference on SWFs. We introduce the Sovereign Wealth Institutions and Fund Trends (SWIFT) dataset, a new public resource consolidating extensive information on SWF characteristics. Spanning 1932–2023—with substantive cross-national variation from the 1960s—SWIFT contains detailed data on 145 funds in seventy-nine countries, making it the largest publicly accessible dataset on SWFs. We survey existing knowledge, assess key sources of evidence, and describe the new dataset. We then demonstrate its utility through empirical analyses that expand, challenge, and refine current understandings of the international and domestic political economy of SWFs. Finally, we outline future research directions, particularly SWFs’ roles in South–South and South–North relations, international cooperation, the green transition, and long-term economic transformation in their home countries.

主权财富基金（Sovereign Wealth Funds，SWFs）是塑造国际政治经济格局的关键力量，其影响范畴覆盖全球金融、国家资本主义扩张、经济权力东移以及资源民族主义等领域。其快速崛起催生了大量围绕其起源、制度设计、储备管理、投资运作及国际影响展开的研究。然而，研究视角的分歧、样本的多样性、数据颗粒度的局限以及全面数据获取的壁垒，制约了针对SWFs的系统性比较、严谨分析与因果推断。本研究推出主权财富机构与基金趋势数据集（Sovereign Wealth Institutions and Fund Trends，SWIFT），这一全新公共资源整合了关于主权财富基金特征的海量信息。该数据集覆盖1932年至2023年的时间跨度，且自20世纪60年代起便包含丰富的跨国异质性信息，共收录79个国家的145支基金的详细数据，是目前规模最大的公开主权财富基金数据集。研究团队首先梳理了现有研究成果，评估了核心证据来源，并对该新数据集进行了详细说明。随后，通过实证分析验证了该数据集的应用价值，这些分析拓展、修正并完善了学界对主权财富基金国际与国内政治经济维度的现有认知。最后，研究团队梳理了未来研究方向，尤其聚焦主权财富基金在南南与南北关系、国际合作、绿色转型以及母国长期经济转型中所扮演的角色。