Complications of Post-Abdominal Surgeries in Diabetic Patients vs. Non-Diabetics in Saudi Arabia between 2016-2021 (2020-2022)

Background: Diabetic patients are a subset of emergency and general surgery patients and have a higher risk of postoperative complications including pulmonary and urinary infections, acute cardiac infarction, kidney failure, and death compared to non-diabetic patients. Objectives: The study assessed the prevalence of postoperative complications in diabetic patients and nondiabetics in Saudi Arabia from 2016 to 2021. Methodology: This was a community-based observational descriptive cross-sectional study. Sample is 205 diabetic and non-diabetic participants over 18 years underwent abdominal surgery between 2016 and 2021 in Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Results: Regarding SSI, diabetic patients reported 27% wound erythema, 25% wound pain, and 24% wound pus. It was discovered that 34.1% of patients with poor wound healing,50% of individuals identified with DVT as a postoperative consequence,32.35% with UTI, 54.6% confirmed cases of post-operative incisional hernias, and 42.85% of patients with metabolic acidosis all of them were having diabetes millets. Regarding thrombophlebitis, 28.6% of patients with limb erythema and 21.1 percent of patients with hot and painful limbs were diabetics. Regarding bowel obstruction, only 23.68 percent of patients with acute stomach pain, 28 percent of patients with sudden vomiting, and 22.58 percent of patients with chronic constipation with gas retention had diabetes. Conclusion: DVT, UTI, and incisional hernia have all been found to be more common post-operative problems among diabetics. There was a modest difference in wound healing, wound infection, intestinal obstruction, thrombophlebitis, and metabolic acidosis between diabetics and non-diabetics.

背景：糖尿病患者隶属于急诊与普通外科患者群体，相较于非糖尿病患者，其术后并发症风险显著更高，涵盖肺部与泌尿系统感染、急性心肌梗死、肾衰竭及死亡。研究目的：本研究旨在评估2016年至2021年间沙特阿拉伯地区糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者的术后并发症患病率。研究方法：本研究为基于社区的观察性描述性横断面研究。研究样本为205名18岁以上、于2016年至2021年间在沙特阿拉伯接受腹部手术的糖尿病与非糖尿病参与者，采用自填式问卷收集研究数据。研究结果：针对手术部位感染（Surgical Site Infection, SSI），糖尿病患者中出现伤口红斑者占27%、伤口疼痛者占25%、伤口流脓者占24%。研究发现，伤口愈合不良患者中34.1%为糖尿病患者；确诊为术后深静脉血栓（Deep Vein Thrombosis, DVT）的个体中50%为糖尿病患者；尿路感染（Urinary Tract Infection, UTI）患者中32.35%为糖尿病患者；术后切口疝确诊病例中54.6%为糖尿病患者；代谢性酸中毒患者中42.85%为糖尿病患者。针对血栓性静脉炎，出现肢体红斑的患者中28.6%为糖尿病患者，伴肢体红肿疼痛的患者中21.1%为糖尿病患者。针对肠梗阻，仅23.68%的急性腹痛患者、28%的突发呕吐患者及22.58%的伴气体潴留的慢性便秘患者为糖尿病患者。研究结论：本研究证实，深静脉血栓、尿路感染及切口疝是糖尿病患者中更为高发的术后并发症。糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者在伤口愈合、伤口感染、肠梗阻、血栓性静脉炎及代谢性酸中毒方面仅存在小幅差异。