Raw trait data for: A quantitative genetics analysis of evolution in the hominoid appendicular skeleton

Hominoidea are a diverse superfamily, with potential selection on the postcranium from divergent locomotor patterns. The scarcity of postcranial primate fossil remains, however, means that selection on the appendicular skeleton has been difficult to study directly. Here, we use complementary methods from evolutionary quantitative genetics to assess selection versus drift within hominoids and an outgroup of cercopithecoid monkeys. While most branches were characterized by drift or stabilizing selection, directional selection was indicated on the branch leading to Homo sapiens and potentially on the branch to Hylobates lar. Directional selection gradients were then assessed for each trait on these two lineages. Strong selection was detected on limb length and on os coxae traits in both lineages. Our results are consistent with prior studies of evolution in the hominoid postcranium and indicate that these methods may be useful for studying multiple elements in conjunction for a holistic as..., , # Raw trait data for: A quantitative genetics analysis of evolution in the hominoid appendicular skeleton

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.z8w9ghxs9](10.5061/dryad.z8w9ghxs9)

## Description of the data and file structure

This dataset contains the interlandmark distances for used in the manuscript \"A quantitative genetics analysis of evolution in the hominoid appendicular skeleton.\" Traits represent measurements of postcranial skeletal elements (humerus, scapula, ulna, radius, os coxae, femur, tibia, fibula) taken from 3D structured light scans. For further information on the methods used to generate this dataset, please refer to the manuscript.

This dataset contains morphometric (skeletal measurement) data for multiple individual specimens of *C. pygerythrus*. Each row represents a single specimen, identified by a unique catalog ID (e.g., NMNH or UBPSC numbers), along with its species designation and sex (male, female, or unknown). The remaining columns consist of numerical measurements—..., ,