Table_5_Salt-Enhanced Reproductive Development of Suaeda salsa L. Coincided With Ion Transporter Gene Upregulation in Flowers and Increased Pollen K+ Content.XLS

Halophytes are adapted to saline environments and demonstrate optimal reproductive growth under high salinity. To gain insight into the salt tolerance mechanism and effects of salinity in the halophyte Suaeda salsa, the number of flowers and seeds, seed size, anther development, ion content, and flower transcript profiles, as well as the relative expression levels of genes involved in ion transport, were analyzed in S. salsa plants treated with 0 or 200 mM NaCl. The seed size, flower number, seed number per leaf axil, and anther fertility were all significantly increased by 200 mM NaCl treatment. The Na+ and Cl− contents in the leaves, stems, and pollen of NaCl-treated plants were all markedly higher, and the K+ content in the leaves and stems was significantly lower, than those in untreated control plants. By contrast, the K+ content in pollen grains did not decrease, but rather increased, upon NaCl treatment. Genes related to Na+, K+ and, Cl− transport, such as SOS1, KEA, AKT1, NHX1, and CHX, showed increased expression in the flowers of NaCl-treated plants. These results suggest that ionic homeostasis in reproductive organs, especially in pollen grains under salt-treated conditions, involves increased expression of ion transport-related genes.

盐生植物适应于盐碱环境，并在高盐度条件下展现出最佳的繁殖生长状态。为了深入探究盐生植物苏盐菜（Suaeda salsa）的耐盐机制及盐分的影响，本研究对经0或200 mM氯化钠处理的苏盐菜植株的花朵数量、种子大小、花药发育、离子含量以及花转录组特征进行了分析，并考察了参与离子运输的基因的相对表达水平。结果显示，200 mM氯化钠处理显著增加了种子大小、花朵数量、每叶腋的种子数量以及花药育性。氯化钠处理植物的叶片、茎和花粉中的Na+和Cl-含量均显著高于未处理对照组，而叶片和茎中的K+含量则显著降低。与之形成对比的是，经氯化钠处理后，花粉粒中的K+含量并未下降，反而有所上升。与Na+、K+和Cl-运输相关的基因，如SOS1、KEA、AKT1、NHX1和CHX，在氯化钠处理植物的花朵中表现出增强的表达。这些发现表明，在盐处理条件下，生殖器官中的离子稳态，特别是在花粉粒中，涉及与离子运输相关基因表达的增强。