Migratory culture, population structure and stock identity in North Pacific beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) - Table 3

Population differentiation within mitochondrial DNA (A) and across eight microsatellite loci (B) in Pacific beluga whales. Values for the frequency-based statistic, Fst, are below the diagonal. Values for the distance-based statistic, Φst (mtDNA) and Rst (nDNA), are above the diagonal. Corresponding p-values for homogeneity tests, based on 50,000 permutations, are represented by the following shading patterns: dark grey: p≤0.01, light grey: 0.010.05. Only strata with a sample size of n≥10 are reported, and the Beaufort Sea stratum is the Mackenzie and Point Hope strata combined (see text). Reported estimates of heterogeneity comprise the roughly two decade period from 1988–2010. See Table A and B in S7 Table for more details on temporal patterns of heterogeneity.