Data From: Population-specific responses in eastern oysters exposed to low salinity in the northern Gulf of Mexico

Eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, are facing rapid environmental changes in the northern Gulf of Mexico and can respond to these changes via plasticity or evolution. Plastic responses can immediately buffer against environmental changes, although this buffering may impact the organism’s ability to evolve in subsequent generations. While plasticity and evolution are not mutually exclusive, the relative contribution and interaction between them remain unclear. In this study, we investigate the roles of plastic and evolved responses to low salinity in C. virginica using a common garden experiment with four populations exposed to two salinities. We use three transcriptomic analyses (edgeR, PERMANOVA, and WGCNA) combined with physiology data to identify the effect of genotype (population), environment (salinity), and genotype-by-environment interaction on both whole organism and molecular phenotypes. We demonstrate that variation in gene expression is mainly driven by population, with ...东部牡蛎（Crassostrea virginica）正面临墨西哥湾北部快速的环境变化，其可通过表型可塑性（plasticity）或适应性演化响应此类环境变动。表型可塑性响应可即刻缓冲环境变化带来的胁迫，但该缓冲效应可能会影响该物种后续世代的演化能力。尽管表型可塑性与演化并非互斥关系，但二者的相对贡献度及互作机制目前仍不明确。本研究以4个东部牡蛎种群为实验材料，设置两种盐度梯度开展共同花园实验（common garden experiment），探究其对低盐环境的表型可塑性响应与适应性演化响应的作用机制。本研究结合三种转录组分析方法（edgeR、PERMANOVA、WGCNA）与生理数据，解析基因型（种群）、环境（盐度）及其基因型-环境互作（genotype-by-environment interaction）效应对个体整体表型与分子表型的影响。本研究证实基因表达差异主要由种群差异主导，且……