ETCQ

The ETCQ model proposes that the Universe is not a collection of separate particles and forces, but a universal rigid quantum frame (“trame”). Matter = bound vibrations of the frame. Light and neutrinos = free vibrations, propagating at speed c. Apparent gravity = the resistance of the rigid frame around baryonic matter. Cosmic expansion = slow large-scale dilation of this frame. This approach avoids invoking dark matter or dark energy: both phenomena emerge naturally from the dynamics of the frame. Results so far We have tested ETCQ against public astrophysical datasets: Galaxies (SPARC): recovers the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation with slope ≈ 4. Weak lensing (KiDS): shear profiles at 50–300 kpc reproduced without tuning. Strong lensing (RX J1131, WFI 2033, DES 0408, PG 1115): ETCQ reproduces observed time delays (including ~100-day scales) with a universal correction (λ₀ ≈ 4–6, λₜ ≈ 1–3%). Cosmology: accelerated expansion reproduced without Λ; frame coherence length ≈ 26 μm corresponds to ~0.05 eV, intriguingly close to neutrino masses.