Umweltbewußtsein in Deutschland 1996

Environmental consciousness and conduct in environmentally relevantareas. Topics: Classification of significance of political problems such asunemployment, housing supply, preservation of the welfare state,combating crime, foreigner questions, environmental protection andcompetitive ability of the economy (scale); importance of environmentalprotection measures in the areas climate protection, noise reduction,air pollution, trash, energy, pollution of inshore waters, soilprotection, preservation of species in the plant world (scale);postmaterialism; judgement on personal impact of noise, exhaust, badair and trash scattered about; traffic load of residential street ofrespondent; perceived noise pollution in the evening; view of greenareas and personally having a yard; characterization of location ofresidence as well as neighborhood regarding noise; satisfaction withthe environment situation in residential area; global assessment ofenvironmental conditions (scale); environmental protection versusscientific growth; attitude to science and technology (scale);preservation of ecological value and environmental consciousness(scale). Environment-conscious shopping behavior: paying attention toenvironment compatibility of products when shopping; orientation onlabels of environmentally compatible products; knowledge and payingattention to the ´Blue Angel´; willingness to pay more forenvironmentally conscious and environmentally compatible products;environmentally conscious purchase behavior, e.g. in purchase ofbeverages in returnable bottles; leaving packaging in stores as well aschanges in environmental habits in recent time; purchase of seasonaland regional fruit and vegetables; fashion, price or longevity ascriteria in purchase of clothing; fashion orientation; attitude to foodtreated by gene-technology; judgement on statements about productsharmful to the environment, purchase of canned food und the generallack of care in dealing with environmental problems; necessity ofbehavioral changes regarding shopping oriented to environmentalprotection; attitude to purchase of products from controlled biologicalcultivation. Waste management: frequency of separating trash into individualrecyclable categories; frequency of not separating; possession of abio-trashcan or personally composting; hazardous waste collection pointin near vicinity; distance to next waste paper as well as glassrecycling depository; communal trashcan or one´s own trashcan; mannerof participation of household in dual system with the Green Dot;attitude to extent of general trash production, recycling andenvironmentally friendly removal of residual waste (scale). Energy and water consumption: use of energy conservation lamps;energy-conscious turning off light as well as television sets; waterconservation facility in household; water conservation lever on thetoilet; paying water costs dependent on use or at a fixed price; mannerof action in airing rooms in the winter; type of heating; turning offheat when leaving residence for several hours; reasons speaking againstthis; use of automatic lowering of heat at night and possible reasonsagainst this; fixed charge for heating for residence; energy and waterconservation habits in use of washing machine; observing degree ofwater hardness in use of detergent; use of a dryer; attitude to energyconservation (scale). Traffic and car: possession and number of bicycles, mopeds,motorcycles and cars; environmental protection as reason for not owninga car; frequency of use of car in days as well as according tokilometers driven; proportion of trips due to occupation; frequency ofexcursions on weekends and preferred means of transport; driving withthe car without a destination ´just for the fun of it´; means oftransport used on last vacation; possession of a Bahncard {train card};use of various means of transport in household shopping and on the wayto work; distance to work as well as shopping place; use of carpools onthe way to work; commuting time to work; possibility to use publictransportation on the way to work and commuting time; selection ofanother means of transport given hypothetical doubling of the price ofgasoline; attitude to statements about car and traffic, such as e.g.change of driving style to reduce use of gasoline, habitual use of car,too slight use of OEPNV {local public passenger transport}, reductionof car use for environmental protection reasons and use of carpools(scale); membership in an environmental protection organization andfunction taken on; political participation in environmental questions;frequency of discussions about environmental protection; assumedattitude of social surroundings to a personal involvement in anenvironmental protection group; importance of selected fields of actionfor environmental protection; attitude to stronger surveillance ofobservance of environmental protection laws; tax increases to financeimproved environmental protection; highest accepted price for gasoline;satisfaction with performance of the Federal Environment Office(scale); attitude to a speed limit on freeways; preferred maximum speedlimit; agreement with centers of town free of cars, expansion ofpedestrian zones and increase in parking fees in large cities; approvalof restricted traffic areas and 30kmh speed zones in purely residentialareas; attitude to expansion of the OEPNV {local public passengertransport}, network of bicycle paths, increasing the cost of driving acar and transferring freight transport to rail transport; attitude tosignificant increase in garbage collection fees, construction ofgarbage incinerating plants, establishing garbage disposal sites andstricter legal requirements for the production of products; judgementon the latest progress in environment compatibility of packaging,purity of inshore waters, air cleanliness, ground protection, climateprotection and energy conservation; assessment of the danger of genetechnology and judgement on adequate protection functions of thegovernment; knowledge about the so-called ecological tax reform;preference for step-wise or rapid conversion to such tax reform;environmental protection and job creation; knowledge about the termsustainable development; judgement on environmental conditions in thenew as well as in the old states; trust in the ability of parties,environmental protection authorities, initiatives as well as tradeunions and industry regarding environmental protection. Environment knowledge: estimate of the average water consumption of acitizen per day, the proportion of electricity from nuclear powerplants and knowledge about the electricity price per kilowatt hour;household appliances with the highest energy consumption; the gasresponsible for the greenhouse effect; danger from high ozone values insoil or in the earth´s atmosphere; knowledge of native animals andplants that are on the so-called ´red list´; knowledge about the{female} federal environment minister. Demography: sex; month and year of birth; school education;vocational training certificate; employment; hours worked each week;occupational position; fear of unemployment; personal unemployment inthe last few years; self-classification of social class and on aleft-right continuum; interest in politics; party preference (Sundayquestion); marital status; living together with a partner; number ofchildren; information on sex, age and degree of relationship of personsliving in household; income of respondent and household income;residential status; characterization of residential area; year ofconstruction of building; number of households in residential building;classification of contact with neighbors; religious denomination;religiousness; size of city in which respondent grew up; origins fromthe GDR; length of residence; possession of a telephone; possession oftelephone answering device. Interviewer rating: characterization ofresidential building and residential area; weekday of interview;presence of third persons during interview and their degree ofrelationship to respondent; intervention of other persons in interview;willingness to cooperate and reliability of respondent. Also encoded were: date of interview; number of interviews in samplepoint; number of contact attempts by telephone and in person; age ofinterviewer; education level of interviewer.本数据集聚焦环境意识与环境相关领域的行为表现，涵盖以下研究主题： 1. 各类政治问题重要性的分类：包括失业、住房供给、福利国家维系、打击犯罪、外籍人士议题、环境保护与经济竞争力（采用量表计分）； 2. 环境保护措施在各领域的重要性：涵盖气候保护、噪音削减、大气污染治理、垃圾处理、能源利用、近岸水域污染防治、土壤保护、植物物种保护（采用量表计分）； 3. 后物质主义；个人受噪音、废气、劣质空气、散落垃圾影响的主观评判；受访者居住街道的交通负荷；晚间感知噪音污染程度；绿地景观观感与个人是否拥有专属庭院；居住区位及邻里的噪音特征；居住区域环境状况满意度；环境状况整体评估（采用量表计分）；环境保护与科学增长的权衡态度；对科学与技术的态度（采用量表计分）；生态价值维系与环境意识水平（采用量表计分）。 环保导向购物行为：购物时关注产品的环境兼容性；以环保兼容产品的标签为选购依据；了解并关注"蓝天使（Blue Angel）"环保标志；愿意为环保友好型产品支付额外溢价；践行环保型购买行为，例如选购可回收包装的饮品；将购物产生的包装留在商店内，以及近期个人环境习惯的变化；购买当季及本地出产的果蔬；服装选购时考量时尚、价格或耐用性因素；时尚消费导向；对转基因食品的态度；对有害环境产品相关表述的评判、罐装食品购买行为与大众对环境问题普遍漠视的现状；环保导向购物所需的行为改变必要性；对有机认证产品购买的态度。 垃圾管理：将垃圾按可回收类别分拣的频率；不进行垃圾分类的频率；是否拥有厨余垃圾桶或自行进行堆肥处理；住所附近是否设有有害垃圾收集点；到最近的废纸及玻璃回收点的距离；使用公共垃圾桶还是自有垃圾桶；家庭参与带绿点（Green Dot）的双轨回收系统的方式；对总体垃圾产生量、垃圾回收及残余垃圾环保处置程度的态度（采用量表计分）。 能源与水资源消耗：使用节能灯具；有意识地关闭灯光及电视设备；家庭安装的节水设施；马桶的节水装置；水费按实际使用量计费还是固定费率；冬季开窗通风的具体方式；供暖系统类型；离家数小时时关闭供暖的行为；反对该节能行为的原因；夜间自动调低供暖温度的使用情况及反对该做法的可能原因；住宅供暖的固定收费标准；洗衣机使用过程中的节能节水习惯；使用洗涤剂时关注水的硬度等级；使用衣物烘干机；对节能措施的态度（采用量表计分）。 交通与汽车相关：拥有自行车、轻便摩托车、摩托车及汽车的数量；因环保原因选择不购车；日常用车频率及累计行驶里程；公务出行占总出行的比例；周末短途出行频率及偏好的交通方式；无目的地驾车"兜风"的情况；上次度假时使用的交通方式；是否拥有Bahncard（火车卡）；家庭购物及通勤时使用的各类交通方式；到工作地点及购物场所的距离；通勤途中拼车的情况；通勤时间；通勤时可使用公共交通的可能性及实际通勤时长；假设汽油价格翻倍时选择其他交通方式的倾向；对汽车与交通相关表述的态度，例如改变驾驶习惯以减少汽油消耗、习惯性驾车出行、当地公共客运（OEPNV）使用不足、出于环保原因减少用车及拼车行为（采用量表计分）；环保组织成员身份及担任的具体职务；参与环境问题相关的政治活动；讨论环境保护话题的频率；社会环境对个人参与环保团体的态度预判；环保行动重点领域的重要性认知；对加强环境保护法律遵守情况监管的态度；为改善环境保护筹资而提高税收；可接受的最高汽油价格；对德国联邦环境署（Federal Environment Office）工作表现的满意度（采用量表计分）；对高速公路限速的态度；偏好的最高限速标准；支持城镇中心设立无车区、扩展步行区及提高大城市停车收费标准；赞成限制交通区域及纯居住区设置30公里/小时限速区；对扩展当地公共客运（OEPNV）网络、自行车道建设、提高驾车成本及将货运转向铁路运输的态度；对大幅提高垃圾收集费、建设垃圾焚烧厂、设立垃圾处理场及出台更严格的产品生产环保法律要求的态度；对包装环境兼容性、近岸水域水质、大气清洁度、土壤保护、气候保护及节能领域最新进展的评判；对基因技术风险的评估及对政府环保保护职能是否到位的评判；了解所谓的生态税改革（ecological tax reform）；偏好渐进式或快速推进该类税改；环境保护与就业创造的关系；对"可持续发展（sustainable development）"术语的了解；对新联邦州与旧联邦州环境状况的评判；信任各政党、环保机构、环保倡议组织、工会及行业在环境保护方面的能力。 环境知识：估算公民日均用水量、核电占总发电量的比例、每千瓦时电价的相关常识；能耗最高的家用电器品类；造成温室效应的主要气体；土壤或大气中高臭氧浓度的危害；列入所谓"红色名录（red list）"的本土动植物知识；对时任联邦环境部长（女性）的了解。 人口统计学维度：性别、出生年月、学校教育经历、职业培训证书持有情况、就业状况、周工作时长、职位层级、失业恐惧程度、近年个人失业经历、社会阶层自我归类及左右立场连续谱定位、政治兴趣程度、政党偏好（周日调查项目）、婚姻状况、与伴侣同居情况、子女数量、家庭成员的性别、年龄及亲属关系信息、受访者个人收入及家庭总收入、居住状况、居住区域特征、住宅建筑的建造年份、住宅楼内住户数量、与邻居的接触程度、宗教教派归属、宗教虔诚度、受访者成长所在城市规模、原民主德国（GDR）出身背景、当前居住时长、是否拥有电话、是否拥有电话答录机。 访谈者评分维度：住宅楼及居住区域特征、访谈当日为周几、访谈期间是否有第三方在场及其与受访者的亲属关系、他人干预访谈的情况、受访者的合作意愿与可靠性。 额外编码项：此外还对以下内容进行了编码：访谈日期、样本点的访谈总数量、电话及上门联络尝试次数、访谈者年龄、访谈者教育水平。