Plasma carnitine metabolites in early pregnancy and genetic predisposition with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus

This paper examined the association between plasma carnitine metabolites in early pregnancy and the risk of GDM, and the potential interactions with the genetic predisposition among Chinses women. We conducted a nested case-control study using data from the Tongji-Huaxi-Shuangliu Birth Cohort. Our results showed that several plasma carnitine biomarkers were significantly associated with GDM risk. Additionally, the predictive ability of traditional GDM prediction models was marginally improved by including these carnitine biomarkers. Furthermore, we found significant interactions between two carnitine biomarkers (C16:1 and C16:2) and genetic predisposition on GDM risk.