HOSPITAL BASED RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON COVID-19 IN ANANTHAPUR, ANDHRA PRADESH

Aim :To study the role of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of Covid-19. To understand correlation of Inflammatory markers in RTPCR +ve Covid-19 subjects
Study design: Retrospective study was conducted on Covid-19 cases admitted in Government Geeneral Hospital , Ananthapuram from June - August 2021.
Material and Methods: The case records were collected from medical records section after obtaining permission from authorities. RTPCR positive case records were included for the study. Case records with past history of heart, kidney or liver disease were excluded. Laboratory data belonging to 300 individuals was collected. Among the cases 143 were males and 157 were females.Acute phase inflammatory markers , LDH, CRP, Ferritin and D-dimer , evaluated for Covid-19 patients were gathered from 300 case records. FBS was noted to discriminate diabetes status of all individuals.
Results: Based on CRP values the subjects were divided into mild (0-26mg/L) , moderate (27-99 mg/L) and severe (>100mgs/L). LDH,CRP and Ferritin showed sharp rise from the normal in all subjects. The same was not detected in case of D-dimer. Statistical analysis expressed as Mean ±SD(Standard Deviation ) for all biochemical parameters . One-way ANOVA(Analysis of Variance) of LDH.CRP, Ferritin and D-dimer of entire study group showed significant correlation , P-value <0.00001(Table 2) In moderate and severe cases based on CRP frequency peaked at 40 whereas in mild cases it was around 60. 68♂ and 55♀ were found to be diabetic . The inflammatory markers did not show much difference between males & females or in the nondiabetic community. ANOVA of means of CRP ,Ferritin in diabetics was significant <0.00001 and that of LDH , D-dimer followed suit. To understand the correlation of CRP and Ferritin in mild and severe cases based on CRP ,ANOVA was performed. It was statistically significant with P value <0.00001.(Table 5). Frequency distribution of cases based on ferritin values showed 72.6% have high circulating ferritin and are prone to coagulopathy.
Conclusion: Retrospective studies help us understand the outcome of disease based on biochemical parameters. Similar study , meta-analysis can be done by obtaining information from all tertiary care centres in the state and correlate information for better knowledge.