NSIDC南极海冰数据集（1978-2017）

该套南极海冰数据集共包括四套数据，均来自SMMR、SSM/I和SSMI/S三个传感器,采用被动微波遥感反演。其中SMMR为Nimbus-7卫星搭载的扫描式多通道微波辐射计，工作周期为1978年10月26日至1987年7月8日。1987年7月至今，使用美国国防卫星计划DMSP卫星群上搭载的一系列被动微波遥感数据SSM/I和微波成像专用传感器SSMIS提供的数据。

前三套为海冰密集度数据，覆盖范围为南极地区，空间分辨率为25 km：
（1）数据来自Nimbus-7 SMMR和DMSP SSM/I-SSMIS Version 1，利用NASA Team算法反演得到，覆盖时间从1978年11月到2017年2月，时间分辨率为逐月，数据每月存放一个bin文件；
（2）数据来源与第一套相同，覆盖时间从1978-10-26到2017-2-28，时间分辨率为两天，空间分辨率为25km，数据每年存放一个文件夹，每隔一天存放一个bin文件；
（3）数据来自Near-Real-Time DMSP SSMIS，利用NASA Team算法反演得到，覆盖时间从2015-1-1到2018-2-3，时间分辨率为逐日，数据每日存放一个bin文件；每个文件由300-byte的文件头（数据时间信息、投影方式、文件名…）和316*332的矩阵组成。

第四套数据为海冰覆盖范围和海冰面积时间序列。覆盖时间从1978年11月到2017年12月，为南极地区海冰覆盖范围、海冰面积的时间演变序列，时间分辨率为逐月，每月存放一个ASCII文件；每个文件由表头（时间、数据类型…）和39*1的海冰覆盖矩阵和39*1的海冰面积矩阵组成。
数据的详细情况见美国冰雪数据中心NSIDC网站-数据说明http://nsidc.org/data/NSIDC-0051；http://nsidc.org/data/NSIDC-0081；http://nsidc.org/data/G02135

This Antarctic sea ice dataset consists of four subsets of data, all derived from three sensors: SMMR, SSM/I, and SSMI/S, retrieved using passive microwave remote sensing inversion techniques.
Specifically, SMMR is the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer onboard the Nimbus-7 satellite, with an operational period from October 26, 1978 to July 8, 1987. From July 1987 to the present, data have been provided by SSM/I and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) onboard the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellite constellation.

The first three subsets are sea ice concentration data, covering the Antarctic region with a spatial resolution of 25 km:
(1) Data originates from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I-SSMIS Version 1, retrieved using the NASA Team algorithm. The temporal coverage spans from November 1978 to February 2017, with a monthly temporal resolution. Data are stored as one bin file per month;
(2) Data source is identical to the first subset, with temporal coverage from October 26, 1978 to February 28, 2017, a two-day temporal resolution, and a spatial resolution of 25 km. Data are stored in one folder per year, with one bin file stored every other day;
(3) Data comes from Near-Real-Time DMSP SSMIS, retrieved using the NASA Team algorithm. The temporal coverage spans from January 1, 2015 to February 3, 2018, with a daily temporal resolution. One bin file is stored per day. Each file consists of a 300-byte file header (including data time information, projection method, filename, etc.) and a 316×332 matrix;

The fourth subset is a time series of Antarctic sea ice extent and sea ice area. The temporal coverage spans from November 1978 to December 2017, presenting the temporal evolution of sea ice extent and sea ice area over the Antarctic region, with a monthly temporal resolution. One ASCII file is stored per month. Each file consists of a header (including time, data type, etc.), a 39×1 sea ice extent matrix, and a 39×1 sea ice area matrix;

Detailed information about this dataset can be found on the data documentation pages of the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) website: http://nsidc.org/data/NSIDC-0051; http://nsidc.org/data/NSIDC-0081; http://nsidc.org/data/G02135

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是1978年至2017年间的南极海冰数据，包含四套子数据集，均基于被动微波遥感反演。其中前三套为海冰密集度数据，空间分辨率25公里，时间分辨率包括逐月、两天和逐日；第四套为海冰覆盖范围和面积时间序列，时间分辨率为逐月。数据来自SMMR、SSM/I和SSMI/S传感器，总大小为1.21 GB，以开放获取方式共享。