Dax Natural Risk Prevention Plan (PPRN) – Landes (40)

The COVADIS data standard for risk prevention plans includes all technical and organisational specifications for the digital storage of geographic data represented in the Risk Prevention Plans (RCPs). The major risks include the eight foreseeable main natural hazards on the national territory: floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, field movements, coastal hazards, avalanches, forest fires, cyclones and storms, and four technological risks: nuclear risk, industrial risk, the risk of transport of hazardous materials and the risk of dam breaking. The Risk Prevention Plans (RPPs) were introduced by the Act of 2 February 1995 on the strengthening of environmental protection. The PPR tool forms part of the law of 22 July 1987 on the organisation of civil security, the protection of the forest against fire and the prevention of major risks. The development of a RPP falls under the jurisdiction of the State. It is decided by the Prefect.Whether they are natural, technological or multi-hazard, risk prevention plans have similarities. They contain three categories of information: — Regulatory mapping results in a geographical delimitation of the territory concerned by the risk. This delimitation defines areas where specific regulations apply. These regulations have servitude value and impose requirements varying according to the hazard level to which the area is exposed. The areas are represented on a zoning plan that covers the entire study area. — The hazards at the origin of the risk are contained in hazard documents which may be inserted in the presentation report or annexed to the RPP. These documents are used to map the different levels of intensity of each hazard considered in the risk prevention plan. — The issues identified during the development of the RPP may also be appended to the approved document in the form of maps. These similarities between the different types of PPR and the desire to achieve a good level of standardisation of PPR data have led COVADIS to opt for a single data standard, generic enough to deal with the different types of risk prevention plans (PPRN natural risk prevention plans, PPRT technology risk prevention plans) This data standard does not consist of a complete modelling of a risk prevention plan file. The scope of this document is limited to the geographic data contained in the RPPs, regardless of whether they are regulatory in nature or not. The PPR standard is also not intended to standardise knowledge of hazards. The challenge is to have a description for a homogeneous storage of the geographical data of the PPRs because these data are of interest to several professions within the ministries in charge of agriculture, on the one hand, and ecology, and sustainable development, on the other.COVADIS风险预防计划数据标准涵盖了风险预防计划（Risk Prevention Plans，RPPs）中所涉及地理数据的数字化存储所需的全部技术与组织规范。 该标准覆盖的主要风险包含本国领土范围内8种可预见的主要自然灾害：洪水、地震、火山喷发、土体移动、海岸灾害、雪崩、森林火灾、气旋与风暴，以及4类技术风险：核风险、工业风险、危险物料运输风险以及溃坝风险。 风险预防计划（RPPs）由1995年2月2日发布的《加强环境保护法案》确立。而风险预防计划工具（PPR，Plan de Prévention des Risques）则纳入1987年7月22日发布的《民用安全组织、森林防火与重大风险预防法》管辖范畴。风险预防计划的制定属于国家职权范畴，由省长负责审批。无论针对自然风险、技术风险还是多类型复合风险，各类风险预防计划均存在共通之处。 这类计划包含三类信息： — 管制制图成果：完成风险覆盖区域的地理划界，明确适用特定管制要求的区域范围。此类管制规则具备地役权效力，并根据区域面临的灾害等级设定差异化约束条件。上述区域将在覆盖全部研究范围的分区规划图中予以标注。 — 风险源灾害信息：收录于灾害文档中，此类文档可嵌入风险预防计划的说明报告，或作为附件附于计划正文。文档用于标注风险预防计划中所考量的各类灾害的不同强度等级。 — 计划编制过程中识别出的相关问题，也可通过地图形式附加至已获批的风险预防计划文件中。 鉴于不同类型风险预防计划（PPR）之间的共通特性，以及实现PPR数据标准化的迫切需求，COVADIS最终选用单一数据标准，该标准具备足够的通用性，可适配各类风险预防计划，包括自然风险预防计划（PPRN，Plan de Prévention des Risques Naturels）与技术风险预防计划（PPRT，Plan de Prévention des Risques Technologiques）。 本数据标准并非对风险预防计划文件的完整建模，其覆盖范围仅限定于风险预防计划中包含的地理数据，无论此类数据是否具备管制属性。同时，PPR标准也并非用于统一灾害相关知识的标准化规范。 当前面临的核心挑战在于，需形成一套可实现PPR地理数据统一存储的描述规范——此类数据同时受到农业、生态与可持续发展领域的多个政府部门相关从业者的关注。