The impact of artificial light at night on nocturnal insects: a review and synthesis

In recent decades, advances in lighting technology have precipitated exponential increases in night sky brightness worldwide, raising concerns in the scientific community about the impact of artificial light at night (ALAN) on crepuscular and nocturnal biodiversity. Long-term records show that insect abundance has declined significantly over this time, with worrying implications for terrestrial ecosystems. The majority of investigations into the vulnerability of nocturnal insects to artificial light have focused on the flight-to-light behavior exhibited by select insect families. However, ALAN can affect insects in other ways as well. This review proposes five categories of ALAN impact on nocturnal insects, highlighting past research and identifying key knowledge gaps. We conclude with a summary of relevant literature on bioluminescent fireflies, which emphasizes the unique vulnerability of terrestrial light-based communication systems to artificial illumination. Comprehensive understan...近数十年来，照明技术的进步促成全球夜空亮度呈指数级增长，引发了科学界对夜间人工光（artificial light at night, ALAN）影响晨昏性与夜行性生物多样性的担忧。长期监测记录显示，此间昆虫种群丰度显著下降，给陆地生态系统带来了令人担忧的生态后果。绝大多数针对夜行性昆虫对夜间人工光敏感性的研究，均聚焦于部分昆虫类群所表现出的趋光行为。然而，夜间人工光还可通过其他多种途径对昆虫产生影响。本综述提出了夜间人工光对夜行性昆虫的五类影响路径，梳理了既往研究成果，并指明了该领域的关键知识空白。最后，我们对发光萤火虫的相关研究文献进行了总结，该部分着重阐述了基于光信号的陆地通讯系统对人工光照的独特脆弱性。Comprehensive understan...