Data underlying the manuscript: Morphology, Cognition, and Behaviour - Identifying the Rural Heritage in a Chinese Historic Village Cluster

This is the research data for the manuscript "Morphology, Cognition, and Behaviour - Identifying the Rural Heritage in a Chinese Historic Village Cluster". The following is the original abstract:As a response to the drastic changes happening in rural China in the past decades, in 2018, the government released a five-year national strategy to better develop and preserve the rural environment. During the process of rural vitalization, valuable rural heritage was to be identified before decision-making on planning. However, the places perceived as most important can differ from the ones mostly occupied and used by people. This study took Anyi Historic Village Cluster as a case study to empirically investigate villages by integrating three distinct yet related perspectives: 1) Morphology: space syntax was applied to find out the central places based on spatial accessibility; 2) Cognition: semi-structured interviews and cognitive mapping were conducted to distinguish the Lynchian “image of the villages”; 3) Behaviour: Wi-Fi positioning tracking was used to monitor the spatiotemporal patterns of human behaviour. Significant correlations were found among indicators in all three perspectives, which were combined to identify the most important places as local rural heritage, proving the necessity of integrating the three perspectives in practice rather than studying them apart. The proposed methodology can assist future rural planning decision-making on what to preserve, what to enhance, and how to benefit from development without losing the local rural identity.

本数据集对应学术论文《形态、认知与行为——辨识中国历史村落集群中的乡村遗产》的研究数据。以下为论文原文摘要：为应对过去数十年间中国乡村发生的剧烈变革，我国政府于2018年推出一项五年期国家战略，以更好地推动乡村发展与保护乡村环境。在乡村振兴推进过程中，需先识别具有保护价值的乡村遗产，再开展规划决策。然而，被认定为最重要的场所，往往与民众实际频繁占用和使用的场所存在差异。本研究以安义历史村落集群为案例对象，整合三个既独立又相互关联的研究视角开展实证村落分析：1）形态视角：采用空间句法（space syntax），基于空间可达性指标识别村落核心场所；2）认知视角：通过半结构化访谈与认知地图（cognitive mapping），辨析林奇式“村落意象”；3）行为视角：运用Wi-Fi定位追踪技术，监测人类行为的时空分布模式。研究结果显示，三个视角下的各类指标间存在显著相关性，通过整合三者可精准识别具备地方乡村遗产价值的核心场所，证实了实践中整合多视角开展研究而非割裂分析的必要性。本研究提出的方法体系可为未来乡村规划决策提供有效支撑，助力明确保护与优化方向，以及如何在推进乡村发展的同时保留本土乡村特质。