Moutai Distiller's Grains Polyphenol Extracts and Rutin Alleviate DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice: Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Barrier Function Raw data on intestinal flora

Distiller's grains, byproducts of the brewing process, represent a valuable resource for extracting natural phenolic compounds due to their significant global production. This study presents the first evidence of the protective effects of Moutai distiller's grain polyphenol extract (MDGP) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. These protective effects manifest predominantly through the amelioration of general colitis indices and histopathological improvements. Utilizing liquid chromatography-high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-HR-ESI-MS), the main components of MDGP were identified as rutin, quercetin, naringenin, and dihydroquercetin. Moreover, a novel mechanism was elucidated by which rutin, the primary active component of MDGP, alleviates DSS-induced colitis. Assessment of intestinal barrier function, microbial sequencing, fecal transplantation, and antibiotic depletion experiments revealed that rutin suppresses the abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Helicobacter, Klebsiella, and Veillonella) while promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria (Ruminococcus_torques_group, Lachnoclostridium, and norank_f__Muribaculaceae). This modulation culminates in elevated butyric acid concentrations within short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), amplified integrity of tight (ZO-1, occludin) and adherent (E-cadherin, β-catenin) junctional complexes, fortified intestinal barrier function, and diminished intestinal inflammation.This investigation accentuates the innovative therapeutic potential of MDGP and its main active component, rutin, in assuaging DSS-induced intestinal inflammation and fortifying the intestinal barrier through a mechanism predominantly mediated by the intestinal microbiota. Such insights potentially elevate the prominence of distiller's grains in the realm of functional food development.

酒糟（distiller's grains）作为酿酒过程产生的副产物，因全球产量可观，是提取天然酚类化合物的宝贵资源。本研究首次证实了茅台酒糟多酚提取物（Moutai distiller's grain polyphenol extract，MDGP）对葡聚糖硫酸钠（dextran sulfate sodium，DSS）诱导的小鼠结肠炎的保护作用。该保护作用主要体现为结肠炎整体指标的改善与组织病理学层面的修复。本研究采用液相色谱-高分辨电喷雾电离质谱（liquid chromatography-high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry，LC-HR-ESI-MS）技术，鉴定出MDGP的主要成分为芦丁、槲皮素、柚皮素与二氢槲皮素。此外，本研究还阐明了MDGP的核心活性成分芦丁缓解DSS诱导结肠炎的全新机制。通过肠道屏障功能评估、微生物组测序、粪便移植与抗生素清除实验发现，芦丁可抑制致病菌（螺杆菌属Helicobacter、克雷伯菌属Klebsiella、韦荣球菌属Veillonella）的丰度，同时促进有益菌（torques群瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus_torques_group、Lachnoclostridium属、未分类Muribaculaceae科）的增殖。该菌群调控最终可提升短链脂肪酸（short-chain fatty acids，SCFAs）中的丁酸浓度，增强紧密连接（ZO-1、occludin）与黏着连接（E-钙粘蛋白、β-连环蛋白）复合物的完整性，强化肠道屏障功能并减轻肠道炎症。本研究凸显了MDGP及其核心活性成分芦丁的创新治疗潜力：它们可通过以肠道菌群为核心介导的机制，缓解DSS诱导的肠道炎症并强化肠道屏障功能。该研究成果有望提升酒糟在功能性食品开发领域的行业关注度与应用价值。