Results of Studies Validating Diagnoses of Heart Failure (HF) in Administrative Data.

aValidation was conducted amongst a coronary care unit population.
bThirty-eight algorithms were evaluated in this study; the first parameter we selected achieved the highest sensitivity with specificity ≥90%, the second was chosen for comparison purposes.
cSixteen algorithms were evaluated in this study; the validity of the primary algorithm is reported here 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; DOR = diagnostic odds ratio; HF = heart failure; LR+  =  positive likelihood ratio; LR-  =  negative likelihood ratio; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; MI = myocardial infarction; NPV = negative predictive value; PPV = positive predictive value.