Data from: Prevalence of depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, and somatoform disorders in patients with age-related macular degeneration in Germany

Aims: The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, and somatoform disorders in patients diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Germany. Methods: This study included 7,580 patients between the ages of 40 and 90 diagnosed with AMD between January 2011 and December 2014 in 1,072 primary care practices (index date). The last follow-up was in July 2016. We also included 7,580 controls without AMD, which were matched (1:1) to the AMD cases by age, sex, type of health insurance (private or statutory), physician, and Charlson comorbidity score as a generic marker of comorbidity. The outcome of the study was the prevalence of depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, and somatoform disorders recorded in the database between the index date and the end of follow-up. Results: The mean age among subjects was 75.7 years (SD=10.1 years), 34.0% were men, and 7.8% had private health insurance coverage. The Charlson comorbidity index was 2.0 (SD=1.8). Depression was the most frequent disease (33.7% in AMD patients versus 27.3% in controls), followed by somatoform disorders (19.6% and 16.7%), adjustment disorders (14.8% and 10.5%), and anxiety disorders (11.7% and 8.2%). Depression (OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.27–1.47), anxiety (OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.35–1.67), adjustment disorders (OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.36–1.65), and somatoform disorders (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.12–1.32) were all positively associated with AMD. Conclusion: Overall, a significant association was found between AMD and depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, and somatoform disorders.研究目的：本研究旨在分析德国境内确诊为年龄相关性黄斑变性（age-related macular degeneration, AMD）的患者中，抑郁症、焦虑症、适应障碍及躯体形式障碍的患病率。 研究方法：本研究纳入2011年1月至2014年12月期间，在1072家基层医疗诊所确诊为AMD的40至90岁患者共7580例（以确诊日期为索引日期），末次随访时间为2016年7月。同时纳入7580例无AMD的对照个体，按年龄、性别、医疗保险类型（私人保险或法定保险）、接诊医师以及作为合并症通用评估指标的查尔森合并症指数以1:1比例匹配AMD病例。本研究的结局指标为索引日期至随访结束期间，数据库中记录的抑郁症、焦虑症、适应障碍及躯体形式障碍的患病率。 研究结果：研究对象的平均年龄为75.7岁（标准差SD=10.1岁），其中男性占34.0%，7.8%的个体拥有私人医疗保险。研究对象的查尔森合并症指数平均为2.0（SD=1.8）。抑郁症是最常见的精神疾患（AMD患者中患病率为33.7%，对照个体中为27.3%），其次为躯体形式障碍（分别为19.6%和16.7%）、适应障碍（分别为14.8%和10.5%）以及焦虑症（分别为11.7%和8.2%）。抑郁症（优势比OR=1.37，95%置信区间CI：1.27~1.47）、焦虑症（OR=1.50，95%CI：1.35~1.67）、适应障碍（OR=1.50，95%CI：1.36~1.65）以及躯体形式障碍（OR=1.22，95%CI：1.12~1.32）均与AMD呈显著正相关。 研究结论：综上，本研究发现AMD与抑郁症、焦虑症、适应障碍及躯体形式障碍均存在显著关联。