Auroral optical observation data at Syowa Station

Auroral morphological, dynamical, and spectroscopic observation have been carried out at Syowa Station with various ground-based auroral optical instruments. Auroral observation have been carried out since the establishment of Syowa Station in 1957. Currently operated instruments are: All-sky monochromatic imager (ASI), All-sky TV camera (ATV), Multi-color meridian scanning photometer (SPM), and Conjugate auroral imager (CAI). Output data of ATV is the video signals, those of ASI and CAI are digital still images, and those of SPM are digital data file. ASI observes three different wavelengths (557.7, 630.0, 427.8 nm) by changing each interference filter at each 20 seconds. SPM observes seven wavelengths (427.8, 485.2, 487.4, 557.7, 630.0, 777.4, 844.6 nm) simultaneously. CAI is operated in the same mode with the CAI in Husafell in Iceland, and its wavelength is now 427.8 nm. Captured images of ATV at every 1 minute are transferred in real time to NIPR via satellite network. The other data are carried back by ship, and archived by the WDC for Aurora and Space and Upper Atmospheric Science group in NIPR.

日本南极昭和站（Syowa Station）已依托多种地基极光光学观测仪器，持续开展极光形态学、动力学及光谱学相关研究。自1957年昭和站建站以来，极光观测工作便从未间断。目前在用的观测仪器包括：全天空单色成像仪（All-sky monochromatic imager, ASI）、全天空电视摄像机（All-sky TV camera, ATV）、多色子午扫描光度计（Multi-color meridian scanning photometer, SPM）以及共轭极光成像仪（Conjugate auroral imager, CAI）。其中，全天空电视摄像机（ATV）的输出为视频信号；全天空单色成像仪（ASI）与共轭极光成像仪（CAI）的输出为数字静态图像；多色子午扫描光度计（SPM）的输出为数字数据文件。全天空单色成像仪（ASI）每20秒切换一次干涉滤光片，可实现557.7 nm、630.0 nm、427.8 nm三个波段的极光观测。多色子午扫描光度计（SPM）可同时覆盖427.8 nm、485.2 nm、487.4 nm、557.7 nm、630.0 nm、777.4 nm、844.6 nm共7个观测波长。共轭极光成像仪（CAI）的运行模式与冰岛胡萨费尔（Husafell）站的同型设备一致，当前其观测波长为427.8 nm。全天空电视摄像机（ATV）每分钟捕获的影像将通过卫星网络实时传输至日本国立极地研究所（National Institute of Polar Research, NIPR）；其余观测数据通过船舶运回，并由日本国立极地研究所下属的极光与空间及高层大气科学世界数据中心完成归档存储。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集包含南极昭和站自1957年以来的极光光学观测数据，涵盖多种仪器采集的形态、动力学和光谱信息，数据通过卫星和船只传输并归档。