Psychometric Properties of the Bangla General Self-Efficacy Scale among University Students in Bangladesh

The GSE was first developed by Schwarzer and Jerusalem in 1981 and then later revised in 1995. It was considered to evaluate a person’s broad and stable sense of personal competence when facing various stressful or challenging life situations (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995). In this sense, self-efficacy is not about the skills a person possesses but rather about their confidence in effectively using those skills when required. A 4-point Likert scale is used to score each of the ten items on the GSE, where 1 represents "not at all true" and 4 represents "exactly true." Each item demonstrates a general sense of control and confidence in overcoming obstacles rather than task-specific or situational competence.