The monocotyledonous underground: global climatic and phylogenetic patterns of geophyte diversity

Geophytes—plants typically with a bulb, corm, tuber or rhizome—are economically and evolutionarily important; however, the drivers of their morphological diversity remain unknown. Using a comprehensive phylogeny of monocots, we test for correlations between climate and growth form to better understand why we observe such a diversity of geophyte underground traits. Understanding the evolutionary factors promoting independent origins of these organs will lend insights into how plants adapt to environmental hardships. Using a phylogeny incorporated with global occurrence and climate data for the monocots, we investigated whether climatic patterns could explain differences between geophytes and non-geophytes, as well as differences among bulbous, cormous, tuberous, rhizomatous, and non-geophytic taxa. We used phylogenetically-informed ANOVAs, MANOVAs and PCAs to test differences in climatic variables between growth forms. Geophytes inhabit cooler, drier and thermally variable climates compa...地下芽植物（Geophytes）指通常具有鳞茎、球茎、块茎或根状茎的植物类群，兼具重要的经济与进化价值；但其形态多样性的驱动机制至今仍不明晰。本研究基于单子叶植物的全面系统发育树，探究气候与生长型之间的相关性，以阐明地下芽植物地下结构性状呈现多样分化的原因。解析驱动这类器官独立起源的进化因子，将有助于理解植物如何适应环境胁迫。本研究整合单子叶植物的系统发育树、全球分布记录与气候数据，旨在探究气候模式能否解释地下芽植物与非地下芽植物之间的差异，以及鳞茎类、球茎类、块茎类、根状茎类与非地下芽类群之间的性状差异。本研究采用系统发育校正的方差分析（ANOVA）、多元方差分析（MANOVA）及主成分分析（PCA），检验不同生长型植物间气候变量的差异。地下芽植物多栖息于温度更低、更干燥且热环境波动更大的气候环境中，相较……