Commercial Feed Diluted with Different Fiber Sources and Enzyme Product for Broilers: Growth Performance, Carcass and Gut Health

ABSTRACT The dilution of commercial broiler feed with copra meal (CM), palm kernel meal (PKM) and cassava leaf meal (CLM) and enzyme supplementation was investigated. Two hundred and eighty 7-day old Cobb 500 broilers were fed commercial feed alone or diluted with the test ingredients with and without enzyme. There were no interaction effects (p>0.05) on feed intake (FI) and weight gain (WG). Poorer (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed on the diet diluted diets from 22-42 d, but this was restored (p>0.05) by enzyme supplementation. There was no interaction effect on final body weight (FBW). Diet dilution depressed FBW (p<0.05) but enzyme supplementation restored (p>0.05) this weight depression. Abdominal fat was lighter (p<0.05) on CLM compared to CM. There were no interaction effects (p>0.05) on the weight of gut segments and E. coli count. Heavier (p<0.05) liver, gizzard and intestine were observed on the test diets. Commercial feed dilution with CM, CLM and PKM at 100 g/kg for starter and 200 g/kg for finisher would be a viable option for smallholder broiler production. More research is needed into dilution levels and enzyme concentrations.

摘要 本研究探究了以椰子粕（copra meal, CM）、棕榈仁粕（palm kernel meal, PKM）及木薯叶粕（cassava leaf meal, CLM）稀释商品肉鸡饲料，并配合酶制剂添加的饲喂效果。试验选取280只7日龄科宝500（Cobb 500）肉鸡，分别饲喂4组日粮：基础商品肉鸡饲料、基础商品肉鸡饲料添加酶制剂、以试验原料稀释的商品饲料、以试验原料稀释的商品饲料添加酶制剂。结果显示，采食量（Feed Intake, FI）与增重（Weight Gain, WG）均无显著交互效应（p>0.05）。22~42日龄阶段，经试验原料稀释的日粮饲料转化率（Feed Conversion Ratio, FCR）显著劣化（p<0.05），但酶制剂添加可逆转该不良影响（p>0.05）。终末体重（Final Body Weight, FBW）同样无显著交互效应；日粮稀释会显著降低肉鸡终末体重（p<0.05），但酶制剂添加可恢复其正常体重水平（p>0.05）。相较于椰子粕组，木薯叶粕组肉鸡的腹脂重量显著更低（p<0.05）。肠道各段重量及大肠杆菌计数均无显著交互效应（p>0.05）。试验日粮组肉鸡的肝脏、肌胃及肠道重量均显著更高（p<0.05）。在育雏期以100 g/kg、育肥期以200 g/kg的比例，用椰子粕、木薯叶粕及棕榈仁粕稀释商品肉鸡饲料，可作为小规模肉鸡养殖的可行方案。未来仍需针对稀释比例与酶制剂添加浓度开展更多研究。