Integrative spatially-resolved multi-omics analysis reveals metabolic evolution of the transition to invasive breast cancer

Tumor metastasis is one of the primary causes of death among cancer patients, including those with breast cancer. We conducted a spatial transcriptomics study to analyze the progression of breast cancer from carcinoma in situ to invasive carcinoma, aiming to identify changes in genes, metabolic pathways, and cellular composition during this evolution. Our analysis revealed alterations in genes, metabolic pathways, and cellular composition during the transition from carcinoma in situ to invasive carcinoma, providing theoretical support for blocking breast cancer metastasis. Overall design: We performed spatial transcriptomic sequencing on frozen tissue sections from six breast cancer patients. Following dimensionality reduction and clustering, the clustering results were pathologically distinguished by a pathologist. Subsequently, analyses were conducted on the regions of carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma.