Interagency Ecological Program: Phytoplankton monitoring in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Bay-Delta, collected by the Environmental Monitoring Program, 2008-2021

The State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) sets water quality objectives to protect beneficial uses of water in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Suisun Bay. These objectives are met by establishing standards mandated in water right permits issued to the Department of Water Resources and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation by the SWRCB. The standards include minimum Delta outflows, limits to Delta water export by the State Water Project (SWP) and the Central Valley Project (CVP), and maximum allowable salinity levels. In 1971, the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) established Water Right Decision 1379 (D-1379). This Decision contained new water quality requirements for the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary. D-1379 was also the first water right decision to provide terms and conditions for a comprehensive monitoring program to routinely determine water quality conditions and changes in environmental conditions within the estuary. The monitoring program described in D-1379 was developed by the Stanford Research Institute through a contract with the SWRCB. Implementation of the monitoring program began in 1972, as SWRCB, DWR, and USBR met to define their individual responsibilities for various elements of the monitoring program. In 1978, amendments to water quality standards were implemented and resulted in Water Right Decision 1485 (D-1485). More recently these standards were again amended under the 1995 Water Quality Control Plan and Water Right Decision 1641 (D-1641) established in 1999. The SWP and CVP are currently operated to comply with the monitoring and reporting requirements described in D-1641. D-1641 requires DWR and USBR to conduct a comprehensive environmental monitoring program to determine compliance with the water quality standards and also to submit an annual report to SWRCB discussing data collected. The phytoplankton monitoring program is one element of DWR’s and USBR’s Environmental Monitoring Program (EMP) conducted under the Interagency Ecological Program (IEP) umbrella. The EMP also includes monitoring of water quality, zooplankton, and benthic organisms. The overall objective of the phytoplankton monitoring program is to determine the impacts of water project operations on the estuary. These impacts are interpreted by changes in phytoplankton diversity, abundance, and distribution associated with physical and other biological factors in the estuary. Complimentary EMP Datasets: Water Quality: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=edi&identifier=458&revision=7 Benthic: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?packageid=edi.1036.2

加州州水资源控制委员会（State Water Resources Control Board, SWRCB）制定了水质目标，以保护萨克拉门托-圣华金三角洲（Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta）与苏森湾（Suisun Bay）内的水体有益用途。上述目标通过落实水权许可证中的相关标准得以实现，此类许可证由SWRCB向加州水资源部（Department of Water Resources, DWR）与美国垦务局（U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, USBR）核发。该标准涵盖三角洲最小下泄流量、州水利工程（State Water Project, SWP）与中央河谷工程（Central Valley Project, CVP）的三角洲水资源外调限额，以及最大允许盐度水平。

1971年，SWRCB出台水权决策第1379号（Water Right Decision 1379, D-1379），该决策为旧金山湾-三角洲河口（San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary）新增了水质要求。D-1379亦是首个为综合监测计划制定条款与条件的水权决策，该计划用于常规监测河口内的水质状况与环境变化。D-1379中提及的监测计划由斯坦福研究所（Stanford Research Institute）与SWRCB签订合同后开发完成。1972年，随着SWRCB、DWR与USBR明确各自在监测计划各环节的职责，该监测计划正式启动实施。

1978年，水质标准修订工作落地，催生了水权决策第1485号（Water Right Decision 1485, D-1485）。近年来，上述标准又通过1995年《水质控制计划》完成再次修订，而1999年出台的水权决策第1641号（Water Right Decision 1641, D-1641）进一步完善了相关要求。目前SWP与CVP的运行需严格遵守D-1641中规定的监测与报告要求。D-1641要求DWR与USBR开展综合环境监测计划，以验证其是否符合水质标准，并向SWRCB提交年度报告，汇总所采集的监测数据。

浮游植物监测计划是DWR与USBR在跨机构生态计划（Interagency Ecological Program, IEP）框架下开展的环境监测计划（Environmental Monitoring Program, EMP）的组成部分之一。EMP还涵盖水质、浮游动物与底栖生物的监测工作。该浮游植物监测计划的总体目标为评估水利工程运行对河口生态的影响，此类影响通过河口内与物理因素及其他生物因素相关的浮游植物多样性、丰度与分布变化进行研判。

配套EMP数据集：
水质：https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=edi&identifier=458&revision=7
底栖生物：https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?packageid=edi.1036.2