Data from: A toolkit for optimizing fish passage barrier mitigation actions

1. The presence of dams, stream–road crossings and other infrastructure often compromises the connectivity of rivers, leading to reduced fish abundance and diversity. The assessment and mitigation of river barriers is critical to the success of restoration efforts aimed at restoring river integrity. 2. In this study, we present a combined modelling approach involving statistical regression methods and mixed integer linear programming to maximize resident fish species richness within a catchment through targeted barrier mitigation. Compared to existing approaches, our proposed method provides enhanced biological realism while avoiding the use of complex and computationally intensive population/ecosystem models. 3. To estimate barrier passability quickly and at low cost, we further outline a rapid barrier assessment methodology. The methodology is used to characterize potential passage barriers for various fish species common to the UK but can be readily adapted to different planning areas and other species of interest. 4. We demonstrate the applicability of our barrier assessment and prioritization approach based on a case study of the River Wey, located in south-east England. We find that significant increases in species richness can be achieved for modest investment in barrier mitigation. In particular, dams and weirs with low passability located on mid- to high-order streams are identified as top priorities for mitigation. 5. Synthesis and applications. Our study shows the benefits of combining a coarse resolution barrier assessment methodology with state-of-the-art optimization modelling to cost-effectively plan fish passage barrier mitigation actions. The modelling approach can help inform on-the-ground river restoration decision-making by providing a recommended course of action that best allocates limited resources in order to restore longitudinal connectivity and maximize ecological gains.1. 大坝、跨溪道路构筑物及其他水利基础设施往往会破坏河流的连通性，导致鱼类丰度与物种多样性下降。对河流阻隔物开展评估与修复，对于旨在恢复河流完整性的河道修复工作而言至关重要。 2. 本研究提出了一种融合统计回归方法与混合整数线性规划（mixed integer linear programming）的联合建模方案，通过针对性的阻隔物修复措施，最大化流域内定居性鱼类的物种丰富度。相较于现有方法，本研究提出的方案在规避复杂且计算资源消耗巨大的种群/生态系统模型的同时，提升了生物学真实性。 3. 为实现低成本、高效率的阻隔物通行能力评估，本研究进一步提出了一套快速阻隔物评估方法。该方法可用于表征英国常见鱼类的潜在通行阻隔特征，同时也可轻松适配至不同规划区域与其他目标物种。 4. 本研究以英格兰东南部的韦伊河（River Wey）为案例，验证了所提出的阻隔物评估与优先级排序方案的适用性。研究发现，仅需适度投入阻隔物修复资金，即可实现物种丰富度的显著提升。其中，分布于中高阶溪流、通行能力较低的大坝与堰坝，被确定为修复优先级最高的目标。 5. 综合与应用。本研究证实，将低分辨率阻隔物评估方法与前沿优化建模手段相结合，可实现鱼类通行阻隔物修复措施的低成本高效规划。该建模方案通过提供最优资源分配方案，以恢复河流纵向连通性并最大化生态效益，可为河道修复的实地决策提供参考依据。