Source data of multiplex IHC from HCC or colon cancer patients

The levels of cell subsets in the TME were evaluated using multiplex IHC. A PANO 7-plex IHC kit (Panovue, 0004100100) was used for multiple immunofluorescence staining, and different primary antibodies were sequentially used. Then, horseradish peroxidase-labelled secondary antibody and tyramide signal amplification (TSA) solution were added and incubated. After each incubation with the TSA solution, the sections were subjected to microwave heat treatment. After all the antigens were labelled, the nuclei were stained with 4'-6'-diamino-2-phenylindole (DAPI, Sigma‒Aldrich). Olympus VS200 MTL (Olympus Germany) and Olympus UPLXAPO20X objective lenses were used to obtain whole-slide multicolour fluorescence images, and QuPath software was used to perform the quantitative pathological analysis of the whole-slide multicolour fluorescence images.