Database Floor Profiles

As part of the soil-exploratory mapping, the Geological Service NRW will use maps in scales 1: 5.000, 1: 10.000, 1: 25.000, 1: 50.000, 1: 100,000 and 1: 200,000 worked out. This requires extensive terrain work. The soil is excavated at a depth of 2 m where there is still a lack of sufficient information about the soil structure and its condition. A floor profile — as the expert calls it — is exposed. The detailed description of the soil structure including the documentation of sampling of the often quite different soil horizons are stored in the soil profile database. Currently, this database contains 22,734 point information on the soil condition of 3,900 sites in North Rhine-Westphalia. About 300 profile descriptions are added per year. The basis of the descriptions is the soil map instructions (4th edition), adapted to the needs of soil mapping in North Rhine-Westphalia. Master data are given for each excavation, such as the exact location, the current land use, the tree species in the forest or the terrain forms of the surrounding area. All essential details of a complete soil profile description with soil species, depth and other characteristics of each individual soil horizon, occurrence of groundwater or dams, characteristics of soil biological activity, initial rocks of soil formation and other attributes are stored. In this way, the summary characterisation remains comprehensible by assigning soil types and subtypes. In addition, soils can be selected and evaluated according to individual characteristics or their test results for a wide variety of questions. In detail, it is possible to record the following profile data: Title data: Project code/procedure name, editor/institution, date of recording, TK(DGK) number, profile name, archive number, serial number of the recording point, area number, reference area number, DGK name recording situation: Coordinates, height above NN, inclination, exposure, bulge, surface shape, microrelief, digestion type, utilisation, pre-use, vegetation, growth class, soil changes, other information on the reception situation, references to further data documentation/sampling/guide profile/surface size Profile marking: Suitability for use, humus form, subordinate humus forms, biological state stage, degree of erosion, physiological thoroughness (rootability), base content, browning or podsolation depth, podsolity/wet bleaching, profile unit (soil subtype, top layer soil type group, top layer thickness, base content), floor unit, subordinate profile units, legend unit, apparent water level, free water level, groundwater level, former groundwater level, depth of water reservoir, water reservoir area, total profile dam, point signatures, non-charted surface, observations Horizon/Layer data: Horizontal lower boundary, layer lower boundary, horizontal symbol, horizontal limitation, soil type, humus content, carbonate content, coal content, geogenesis, petrography, stratigraphy, color, concrete/enrichment, wetting strength of the horizon, rooting intensity, soil structure, storage type, degree of solidification, effective storage density/substance volume, pores, tubes, cracks, other information on the soil horizon, comments on the soil horizon Humusforms- Detail description: mean thickness of horizons L, Of and Oh, minimum thickness of horizons L, Of and Oh, maximum thickness of horizons L, Of and Oh, limitation of horizons L, Of and Oh, characteristics of the horizons L and Of, storage type of horizons L, Of and Oh, organic fine substance in the horizons L and Of, mineral substance in the horizons L, Of and Oh, fungal hyphs in the horizons L, Of and Oh, rooting of horizons L, Of and oh documentation and analysis order: Date of sampling, sampler/institution, profile description or incremental samples, sample number, A, G, T sub-samples, sampling depth, horizontal designation (sample), coarse soil content, storage density/substance volume (estimated), sample type, sampling method, numerical additives, additional identifier, test type, analysis program for soil samples/standard water analysis, soil sample bank, comments on the sample, further information on the sample vegetation intake: Vegetation survey officer, forest information on the stock, vegetation unit, observations on vegetation intake, degree of coverage, plant species, species power, socionity, vitality作为土壤勘探填图工作的组成部分，北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州地质调查局（Geological Service NRW）将采用比例尺为1:5000、1:10000、1:25000、1:50000、1:100000及1:200000的成图成果。该工作需开展大量实地调查作业。在土壤结构及其性状信息仍存在显著不足的区域，工作人员将开挖深度达2米的土壤剖面（soil profile），以完整暴露土壤剖面。针对土壤结构的详细描述，以及针对差异显著的各土壤发生层的采样记录，均将存储于土壤剖面数据库中。目前，该数据库已收录北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州3900个样点的22734条土壤性状点位信息，年均新增约300条剖面描述数据。 该数据集的描述依据为适配北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州土壤制图需求的《土壤制图规程》（第四版）。每个开挖剖面均配有基础信息，包括精确地理位置、当前土地利用类型、林地树种及周边地形形态等。完整的土壤剖面描述所涵盖的全部关键细节均已入库，具体包括：土壤类型、各单个土壤发生层的深度及其他性状、地下水或阻水层的分布、土壤生物活性特征、成土母岩及其他属性指标。通过归类土壤类型与亚类，可确保汇总性状描述具备可解读性。此外，可针对各类研究问题，依据单一性状或测试结果对土壤数据进行筛选与评估。 可详细记录的剖面数据包含以下类别： 1. 标题数据：项目代码/作业名称、编制者/机构、记录日期、TK(DGK)编号、剖面名称、档案编号、记录点位序列号、区域编号、参考区域编号、DGK名称 2. 记录情况：坐标、NN基准面以上高程、坡度、坡向、地形凸起、地表形态、微地貌、消解类型、利用现状、既往利用情况、植被、生长等级、土壤扰动、其他记录情况说明、指向其他数据文档/采样/标准剖面/地表范围的参考文献 3. 剖面标识：使用适宜性、腐殖质型、次要腐殖质型、生物状态阶段、侵蚀程度、生理通透性（可扎根性）、盐基含量、褐化或灰化层深度、灰化/湿漂白特征、剖面单元（土壤亚类、表层土壤类型组、表层厚度、盐基含量）、底土单元、次要剖面单元、图例单元、表观水位、自由水位、地下水位、历史地下水位、储水层深度、储水区域、剖面总阻水层、点位标记、未制图地表、观测记录 4. 发生层/土层数据：土层下界面、层位下限、水平符号、边界限制特征、土壤类型、腐殖质含量、碳酸盐含量、炭屑含量、土壤成因、岩相特征、地层特征、颜色、凝结/富集物、土层润湿性、根系密集度、土壤结构、储水类型、固结程度、有效容重/体积质量、孔隙、管状结构、裂隙、土层其他信息、土层备注 5. 腐殖质型详细描述：L、Of及Oh层的平均厚度、L、Of及Oh层的最小厚度、L、Of及Oh层的最大厚度、L、Of及Oh层的边界特征、L与Of层的性状、L、Of及Oh层的储水类型、L与Of层中的有机细粒物质、L、Of及Oh层中的矿质物质、L、Of及Oh层中的真菌菌丝、L、Of及Oh层的根系分布 6. 样品记录与分析流程：采样日期、采样者/机构、剖面描述或增量样品、样品编号、A、G、T亚样、采样深度、采样水平标记、粗颗粒含量、容重/体积质量（估算值）、样品类型、采样方法、数值添加剂、附加标识、测试类型、土壤样品/标准水质分析项目、土壤样品库、样品备注、样品补充信息 7. 植被调查数据：植被调查员、林分信息、植被单元、植被调查观测记录、覆盖度、植物物种、物种优势度、群落从属度、植被活力