Relative breeding timing and reproductive success of a resident montane bird species

Wild populations appear to synchronize their reproductive phenology based on numerous environmental and ecological factors, yet there is still individual variation in the timing of reproduction within populations and such variation may be associated with fitness consequences. For example, many studies have documented a seasonal decline in reproductive fitness, but breeding timing may have varying consequences across different environments. Using 11 years of data, we investigated the relationship between relative breeding timing and reproductive success in resident mountain chickadees (Poecile gambeli) across two elevational bands in the Sierra Nevada mountains, USA. Chickadees that synchronized breeding with the majority of the population (“peak” of breeding) did not have the highest breeding success; instead, birds that bred early performed best at high elevation, while at low elevation early and peak nests performed similarly. At both elevations, late nests consistently performed the ..., , , # Relative breeding timing and reproductive success of a resident montane bird species

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.bvq83bkh2](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.bvq83bkh2)

Authors: Lauren E. Whitenack, Carrie L. Branch, Benjamin R. Sonnenberg, Angela M. Pitera, Joseph F. Welklin, Virginia K. Heinen, Lauren M. Benedict, Vladimir V. Pravosudov

Contact Lauren Whitenack at [[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail]) with questions

## Summary of data and code

This paper investigated the relationships between relative breeding timing and breeding success of mountain chickadees. The script includes code for all analyses and figures. The data used include reproductive data from high and low elevation sites and ages of individually-marked birds.

Please note that some cells in data files are blank. These cells have missing values - the data were not collected in these cases. Thus, blank values are equivalent to \"NA\".

## Data file: mochlow\.csv

```
Summary: 11 years of br...

野生种群似乎会依据诸多环境与生态因子同步其繁殖物候，但种群内部个体间的繁殖时序仍存在差异，且此类差异或与适合度后果相关联。例如，多项研究已记录到繁殖适合度随季节下降的现象，但繁殖时机的后果可能因不同环境而异。

本研究基于11年的观测数据，针对美国内华达山脉两个海拔梯度带的居留性山雀（Poecile gambeli），探究了相对繁殖时机与繁殖成功率之间的关联。与种群多数个体同步繁殖（即处于繁殖“高峰期”）的山雀，并未取得最高的繁殖成功率；反之，高海拔区域中繁殖较早的个体表现最优，而低海拔区域内早繁殖与高峰期繁殖的巢穴成功率相近。在两个海拔梯度中，繁殖较晚的巢穴始终表现出……

# 相对繁殖时机与山地居留鸟类的繁殖成功率

https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.bvq83bkh2

Authors: Lauren E. Whitenack, Carrie L. Branch, Benjamin R. Sonnenberg, Angela M. Pitera, Joseph F. Welklin, Virginia K. Heinen, Lauren M. Benedict, Vladimir V. Pravosudov

Contact Lauren Whitenack at [e-mail] with questions

## 数据与代码摘要

本研究旨在探究山雀的相对繁殖时机与繁殖成功率之间的关联。本脚本涵盖所有分析与绘图所用代码。所用数据包含高、低海拔样地的繁殖记录，以及个体标记鸟类的年龄信息。

请注意，数据文件中存在部分空白单元格，此类单元格代表缺失值——即对应案例未采集到相关数据，因此空白值等同于"NA"。

## 数据文件：mochlow.csv

Summary: 11 years of br...